Appendicular Skeleton Ch. 8

Consists of: Shoulder (pectoral) Girdle Upper extremities Pelvic Girdle Lower extremities

Shoulder (pectoral) girdle Sternum + clavicle = sternoclavicular joint Clavicle + scapula = acromioclavicular joint Scapula held in place by muscles only Upper limb attached to girdle at shoulder Clavicle – s-shaped bone – Attaches sternum to shoulder (bridge between the 2 joints)

Shoulder Girdle – posterior scapula Acromion process Glenoid cavity Spine Coracoid process

Shoulder Girdle – anterior scapula

Upper Extremities 30 bones each Consists of: – Humerus – Radius – Ulna – Carpal bones in wrist – Metacarpals in hand 1-5 starts with thumb – Phalanges in fingers 1-5 starts with thumb

Humerus Head Greater tubercle Lesser tubercle Deltoid tuberosity Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Capitulum Trochlea

Radius and Ulna Radius – Head – Styloid process – Radial tuberosity Ulna – Styloid process

Wrist and Hand Carpals Metacarpals phalanges

Carpals

Metacarpals and Phalanges

Pelvic Girdle Made of 2 bones Join with the lower extremities Differences between male and female pelvis – Male Larger and heavier Larger muscle attachments – Female Larger pelvic spaces Pubic arch greater than 90 degrees

Lower Extremities 30 bones each Consists of: – Femur – Patella – Fibula Lateral and smaller – Tibia Bigger and medial – Tarsals in ankle – Metatarsals in foot (1-5) – Phalanges in toes (1-5)

Femur and Patella Head Greater trochanter Lesser trochanter Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle

Tibia and Fibula Tibia – Medial and larger – Tibial tuberosity – Lateral condyle – Medial condyle – Medial malleolus Fibula – Lateral and smaller – Head – Lateral mealleolus

Tarsals – Metatarsals - Phalanges Calcaneus Talus Cuboid Navicular Cuneiforms