BELLWORK Grab a handout from the front stool on “The Importance of Moveable Type.” Then, answer the following questions: 1.Who was Johann Gutenberg? 2.Why were errors common in books that were copied by hand? 3.According to Chamberlin, what was Gutenberg’s unique contribution to printing? 4.Why was metal better than wood for making type? 5.How did printing increase the spread of ideas? 6.THINKER: As you know, Renaissance values were individualism and secularism. What would YOU consider to be American’s values in today’s society?

Renaissance Review….. 1.Where did the Renaissance start? Why did it start here? 2.Why were Venice and Milan important? 3.Who was the Medici family? 4.Who were the famous Renaissance artists? Renaissance writers? 5.What do you think “separation of church and state” means?

Medieval & Renaissance Art What were the differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art?What were the differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art?

Medieval Art Artists depicted subjects in an unrealistic two dimensional style to indicate the importance of the soul over the body

Characteristics of Renaissance Art Three dimensional Realistic Lifelike Influenced by Greco-Roman culture Use of oil paint “Baptism of Christ” (Da Vinci)

Enthroned Madonna and Child, 1280

Giotto. Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

The School of Athens

The Alba Madonna

Italian Renaissance Artists Leonardo Da Vinci Michelangelo Raphael Donatello

Leonardo Da Vinci Da Vinci was considered the “Renaissance Man” Was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and a scientist (The Vitruvian Man, 1485)

Leonardo Da Vinci “The Last Supper”

Leonardo Da Vinci “Mona Lisa”

Raphael “The School of Athens”

Raphael “The Alba Madonna”

Michelangelo “The Sistine Chapel”

Michelangelo “David”

Michelangelo “Pieta”

Donatello bronze “David” First unsupported standing work in bronze during the Renaissance period

Renaissance Writers Began to use the vernacular (vernacular = the native language) instead of classical Latin Machiavelli, wrote “The Prince”– a handbook for behavior Make a prediction  What were Renaissance authors writing about?

Machiavelli Machiavelli was a political philosopher “The Prince” advised kings how to rule Within the Machiavellian way of thinking, people questioned the corruption of the government & church

William Shakespeare The best known Renaissance writer was William Shakespeare Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37 plays that are still preformed around the world

The Printing Revolution In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the bible using movable metal type on a machine called a Printing Press Printed books became cheap and easier to produce Now, readers gained access to broad range of knowledge (Medicine to Religion) The printing press would greatly contribute to the Reformation of the church.

Renaissance Values Within society, many of the citizens during the Renaissance shared a set of values or beliefs. Humanism Individualism Skepticism Well-Roundedness Secularism Classicism

Values Reflected In buildings, writing, painting, sculpture, and science. Every aspect of their lives Adapted from Greco-Roman culture Many have been passed on to modern Americans

Renaissance Values To understand these vales a little better, you are going to be broken into six groups. Each group is going to read about a Renaissance value and create a poster. Your poster must define the value and include pictures, facts, information, and color. You must also answer the question: “Why was this value important to the Renaissance?” Have fun with this! Be creative! When everyone is finished, you will present the posters and the class will take notes on each value. Remember: you are teaching the class about this value so it better make sense!

Humanism Francesco Petrarch led early development of Humanism A belief that the human being is the measure of all things. People and their activities are important and interesting Life should be lived to the fullest

Individualism To be one’s self and to think for themselves was a good thing Were ambitious for fame and wealth Believed that humans could achieve great things Encouraged curiosity and adventure

Skeptism A questioning attitude Seen as a good thing to: –Try new things –Experiment –Shake up the system

Well-Roundedness The ideal person was: –Educated –Witty –Charming –Artistic Should be interested in many things and active in many fields

Secularism Means worldliness or a belief in the importance of this life on earth Making money, traveling, and making your home comfortable are secular activities Spirit of the Renaissance was more secular than religious

Classicism Interest in the classical age (ancient Greeks and Romans) During the classical age people were also secular, individualistic, humanistic, and questioning People looked back to their roots for values