37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA CONDITION: Classroom environment STANDARD : IAW AR TASK: Discuss winter driving, effects of adverse weather on equipment, maintenance, driving techniques, and risk assessments

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA 37th TRANSCOM WINTER KICK BAG The following are the minimum requirements: Arctic Sleeping Bag Gortex/Field Jacket Wet Weather Gear Wool Blanket Wet Weather Bag Overshoes Gloves with Inserts

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA COLD WEATHER CARE OF YOUR EQUIPMENT Warm your engine, but don’t……race it! Clean the vehicle completely! Lights, windows, and mirrors Good all around visibility is the first step to safe winter driving Remove all snow and ice off the vehicle TTTT 37 T AM GENERAL

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA MAINTENANCE & CHECKS LIGHTS FLUID LEVELS TIRES COOLING SYSTEM BATTERIES EXHAUST SYSTEM WIPERS PERSONAL GEAR HEATERS & DEFROSTERS CARBON MONOXIDE-CO CHECK ANTIFREEZE AT REGULAR INTERVALS-AT LEAST 2x YEAR CORRECT MIX FOR TEMPERATURE CHECK HOSES/FITTINGS WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID IS FULL SERVICEABLE & ON HAND CHECK DAILY CAN WEDGE REAR OF HOOD OPEN TO AID IN DEFROSTING

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA CARBON MONOXIDE FACT: 1,500 people are killed yearly in the U.S. by Carbon Monoxide and more than 10,000 are exposed to levels so dangerous, medical attention is required What effects does CO have on a person? Nausea Dizziness Makes you sleepy Too much could be fatal In order to prevent Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, ensure: Never run engine with windows up, leave one cracked while driving Check exhaust daily for leaks

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA MAINTENANCE TIPS Proper maintenance habits are even more critical in cold weather!! When performing PMCS, DO NOT touch metal with your bare When climbing on vehicles, use extreme caution Why should you keep the fuel tanks as full as possible? To keep moisture from condensing inside the fuel lines use 3 points of contact Filter the fuel through a Chamois to remove water

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA BLACK ICE!!!! Be careful because you can’t see it. Where might you find it? Bridges and overpasses Shaded areas Once it finds you, what should you do or not do? PANIC! Make any sudden changes in speed or direction Ease off the accelerator Steer in the same direction as the back end is skidding DODO NOT

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA RULES OF THUMB 6 SECONDS 6 SECONDS 4 SECONDS 4 SECONDS PROPER DISTANCE IS A MUST!

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA FOG TTTT 37 T AM GENERAL Use low beam headlights If the fog is too dense, stop and wait

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA FRONT END SKID Release the brake & let the front wheels roll freely to regain traction and steering control REAR END SKID - Take your foot off the accelerator - Turn wheels in the direction the rear end is skidding - Pump brakes slightly What may result from a skid is a ACCIDENT

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUES Safety Use your turn signals sooner to give other drivers more time to react Drive at reduced speeds so you can stop quicker Brake sooner to warn of your intention to stop Maintain at least 3x the normal following distance

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA RISK ASSESSMENT Factors to consider: Amount of experience Self Discipline Well rested Dual Driver Mission priority Road type (Autobahn vs. Secondary) Road Conditions Road Conditions: GREENAMBERREDBLACK

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA RISK ASSESSMENT GREEN AMBER RED BLACK Unrestricted vehicle dispatches. Ideal road, visibility, and temperature conditions exist. Drivers will observe normal precautions and speed limits. Ideal road, visibility and temperature do not exist. Increased driving times, hazardous road conditions and driver experience will be considered. Company Commanders will authorize dispatches for their vehicles. Only mission essential vehicle dispatches are authorized. Dispatch will be marked “mission and emergency essential.” Battalion Commanders may authorize dispatch of vehicles. Risk assessment will be conducted for each mission. Only emergency essential vehicles are authorized. Dispatch will be marked “emergency essential.” Brigade Commanders may authorize dispatch of their vehicles. Risk assessment will be completed before dispatch.

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA RISK ASSESSMENT Road Condition Road Surface SnowIce Snow Depth VisibilityTemperature Dry Wet Flooded * Heavily Flooded * None or blowing powder Packed * Slush * Drifting * Heavy Drifting * None Patches * Black Ice * Slush * Sheet Ice * Extreme Sheet Ice * Less than 4 inches * Between inches * More than 8 inches * More than 50 m Between m * Between m * Less than 15 m * Above 35F (+2C) Between 30F (-1C) - 35F (+2C) Between 10F (-12C) - 30F (-1C) Less than 10F (-12C) **When one or more of the road conditions marked with an asterisk are present, the corresponding road condition status most be declared.

37TH TRANSCOM 37 NORTH APENNINES NAPLES FOGGIA PO VALLEY ROME ARENA COLD HARD FACTS OF WINTER DRIVING Cold weather greatly affects the operating performance of your equipment Winter weather presents unique hazards Black IceSnow & SlushFogHills & Grades We can prevent accidents with constant training and safety awareness Remember:Slow down Following distances Adjust to conditions Intervals SAFETY!!!