Climate On Earth

FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE The climate varies in different parts of the world due to different factors. They are - : Latitude Altitude Distance from the sea Direction of the winds

Latitude The Sun’s rays fall directly over the equator and spread over a very small area giving large amounts of light and heat. As we move away from the equator the Sun’s rays fall obliquely and spread over a larger area. Near the poles, the rays are even more slanted and spread over a much larger area.

Places near the Equator remain hot throughout the year and temperature decreases as we move away from the Equator towards the poles. High temperature causes high evaporation and heavy rainfall. Thus amount of rainfall also decreases polewards. Latitude

Altitude The higher we go from the sea level, the cooler is the climate. That is why hill stations like Matheran and Mahabaleshwar are much cooler than Mumbai.

AGRA 16 0 C in Jan AGRA 16 0 C in Jan DARJEELING 4 0 C in January DARJEELING 4 0 C in January ALTITUDE HIGH ALTITUDE LOW ALTITUDE Temperature decreases from low to high altitude Decrease in Temperature

In summer the cool sea breeze brings down the temperature of the surrounding area. DISTANCE FROM THE SEA

In winter, the sea is warmer than the land. So the warm breeze from the sea raises the temperature of the coast. DISTANCE FROM THE SEA Warm Ocean

MUMBAI DELHI Coastal areas have equable climate where as Interior parts have extreme climate. DISTANCE FROM THE SEA

DIRECTION OF WINDS The winds that blow from a cold region, make a place cold and those that blow from a hot region make a place hot.

The winds from the sea carry a lot of moisture and thus bring rainfall. DIRECTION OF WINDS