Electrons & Networks: ​ Evaluating the Effectiveness of Governance Networks for Implementing the Smart Grid June 14, 2014 Christopher M. Frost

 Research Question  Sources of Evidence o Smart Grid o Network Governance o Case Studies  Comparisons  Findings  Conclusion & Reflections Outline

 Using a comparative case study approach, what is the structure and effectiveness of governance networks in developing and implementing Smart Grid energy policy and projects? Research Question

Network Governance Literature Case Study Approach Smart Grid Literature Sources of Evidence

Smart Grid: What is it? X X X X X X X

Hierarchy/Vertical Horizontal/ Networks Market Networks Network Governance Actor CActor D Network Governance: What is it? Collaboration/ Cooperation Actor A Actor B Command/ Control Actor EActor F Competition Koliba, Meeks & Zia (2011) Govern- ment PrivateNon-ProfitOther Actor Examples (Entities):

 Issues/Policy/Governance Networks Network Governance Actor 1 Network Governance: What is it? Govern- ment PrivateNon-ProfitOther Concession/ Compromise Koliba, Meeks & Zia (2011) Actor Examples (Entities): Actor 2 Actor 3 Actor 4 Actor 5 Self-Governed Network Actor 1 Actor 2 Actor 3 Actor 4 Actor 5 Network Administrative Organization Actor 1 Actor 2 Actor 3 Actor 4 Lead Org. Lead Organization Network Network Admin. Org.

Smart Grid Case Studies United States PNW Smart Grid Demonstration Project Retrieved from: South Korea Jeju Island Smart Grid Test-Bed Project Retrieved from:

Smart Grid Demos - Structure PNW-SGD Retrieved from: Smart_Grid_Presentation_Feb_18_2010.pdf Jeju Island Test-Bed 1. Mah, D (2011) 2. Retrieved from: Lead Organizations Technology Partners Resources

Smart Grid Demos - Projects Olympic Peninsula Retrieved from: Smart_Grid_Presentation_Feb_18_2010.pdf Jeju Island Smart Place Retrieved from:

Koliba, Meeks & Zia (2011) Comparisons - Case Study Model CategoryUnited States PNW-SGD South Korea Jeju Island Test Bed Similarity = ≈ ≠ Project Profile Multi-state, mutually exclusive projects, small Demand Response test Autonomous Province, inter- connected projects, larger Demand Response test ≈ Project Outcomes Focus on technology, significant projected long- term return on investment Part of 5-year action plan for ‘Smart City’, limited immediate benefits ≠ Governance Structure Lead organization w/in DOE, Project Review Board, utility partners, technology partners State-owned utility, provincial government and consortia of technology companies ≠ Governance Attributes Part of broad energy policy portfolio, no direct ‘electeds’ participation, voluntary citizen participation Close ties to central govt., Smart Grid Act, voluntary citizen participation ≈

 Smart Grid projects are currently focused on technology and planning/implementation.  Little current focus on governance strategies for projects or expansion.  Governance networks are limited to project scope/timelines.  Citizen engagement and “democratic anchorage” is limited. Findings

 Governance Networks are Contextual  Koliba Analysis Model  Technology, Policy, Governance Alignment  Reflection on Leadership and EMPA Program Conclusions

 Cohort Awesome  Professors and Staff of EMPA  My family Thanks! Gamsahamnida!