Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 1 THE EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS) Presented by: Ken ASHWORTH EUMETSAT Representative to NOAA EUMETSAT (

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 2 Presentation Outline ? The EPS Programme within IJPS ? EPS Services, System Architecture ? Metop Payload, EPS Mission and Products ? Programmatic Status

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 3 The EPS Programme within IJPS

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 4 A Major Cooperation Between Europe and the USA  IN THE MARGINS OF THE G7, EUROPE AGREED IN PRINCIPLE TO SHARE THE BURDEN OF THE METEOROLOGICAL POLAR SERVICE WITH THE USA  INITIAL JOINT POLAR SYSTEM (IJPS) TO BE IMPLEMENTED  In the context of the USA Convergence  Under a NOAA-EUMETSAT cooperation agreement signed in November 1998  Through integration & coordination of the NOAA POES and the EUMETSAT EPS (EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM) Programmes  SCOPE OF COOPERATION  Afternoon & early morning orbits covered by the USA (POES & DMSP Satellites)  Morning orbit covered by Europe (Metop Satellites)  Exchange of instruments and data, coordinated development and operations

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 5 Initial Joint Polar System (IJPS) Metop launches in 2005 and 2010 (9 Years of Operation) 05:30 LST 08:30 LST USAF - DMSP - OLS - SSM/I - SSM/T - SSM/T-2 09:30 LST Metop-1,2 - AVHRR/3 (US) - IASI (CNES/EUM) - HIRS/4 (US) - AMSU-A (US) - MHS (EUM) - ASCAT (ESA/EUM) - GOME-2 (ESA/EUM) - DCS (CNES) - GRAS (ESA/ EUM) - S&R (CNES/Canada) - SEM (US) 13:30 LST NOAA-N,N' - AVHRR/3 (US) - HIRS/4 (US) - AMSU-A (US) - MHS (EUM) - DCS (CNES/US) - S&R (CNES/Canada) - SBUV (US) - SEM(US) USAF (NOAA) EUMETSAT NOAA

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 6 EUMETSAT SATELLITE PROGRAMMES METEOSAT MSG Meteosat-5 Meteosat-6 Meteosat-7 MSG-1 MSG-2 MSG-3 EPS Metop-1 Metop-2 Metop Over Indian Ocean since 7/98 Hot stand by at 10° W (since 6/98) NominaI operation estimated lifetime Approved Non nominal operation Estimated fuel margin Available for launch IODC at 63°E Planned MSG-4 JASON-2 Operational S/C at 0°(since 6/98) Cal/val phase

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 7 The EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS) is the European contribution to the Initial Joint Polar System (IJPS) established with NOAA; The IJPS will provide global meteorological and climate data from a series of European and American sun-synchronous polar orbiting satellites, comprising NOAA N&N´and Metop 1 & 2. EUMETSAT has established Co-operation Agreements with: > ESA, for the development and procurement of the three Metop satellites; > NOAA, for the exchange of instruments, data and operation cross-support; > CNES, for the provision of IASI and ARGOS-DCS payloads; The EPS Programme Within IJPS

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 8 EPS Programme Elements Launcher 3 MetOp Satellites : MetOp-1, 2, 3 14 years of operation Ground Segment The EPS Programme Within IJPS

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 9 EPS Users WMO Community through GTS/RMDCN NOAA system EPS system IJPS The EPS Program within the IJPS Users

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 10 NOAA N & N’ p.m. METOP 1 & 2 a.m. Global data dump Global data dump NOAA GS EPS GS NOAA global data METOP blind orbits METOP global data NOAA blind orbits Blind orbits data dump CNES IASI TEC SAF EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM The EPS Programme Within IJPS

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 11 The EPS Programme Within IJPS EPS CDA Station (Svalbard) Coverage for Metop. Fairbanks/Wallops Stations coverage is also indicated

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 12 EPS Services, System Architecture

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 13 Global mission : delivery of global sounding measurements and to NMSs of Member States, NOAA within 2¼ hours of the instant of observation. Local mission : real-time transmission of imaging and sounding data to local user stations. DCP (data collection) mission of in-situ observational data. Support to the space environment monitoring on behalf of NOAA Part of the IJPS program in partnership with NOAA Search and Rescue service (S&R). The EPS Missions EPS Services, System Architecture

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 14 Data set limited to the observation of the instantaneous sub satellite observation. Data source is the satellite for the user point of view. Possible means of controlling access: Encryption. Direct read-out services; HRPT and LRPT: EPS HRPT and LRPT Services

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 15 EPS Services, System Architecture EPS Offers the following operational services / Data access

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 16 Data Distribution - Timeliness SAF (via NRT) Other NRT User LRPT/HRPT Downlink Realtime 117mn 135 mn Global Data Dump NRT Data Circulation Max. Data Age (up to Level 1) GTS/RMDCN GTS/RMDCN dissemination 7 hours U-MARF Users U-MARF Data Access LEGEND : EPS Services, System Architecture

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 17 The Metop Satellite height:6.3 m transverse section: 3.4 m x 3.4 m (launch configuration) solar panel: 11.3 m power: 2210 W (end of life, orbit average) lifetime: 5 years 13 instruments launch mass: 4200 kg data flow: 3500 kbps

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 18 IASI HIRS-4 AVHRR-3 AMSU-A1 AMSU-A2 MHS GOME-2 GRAS ASCAT Customer: Single Space Segment Team at ESTEC EUMETSAT and ESA placed a contract with Astrium. –Metop Prime Contractor –ASCAT+GRAS development –Satellite Simulator The Metop satellites design is based on the heritage of the SPOT-5 and ENVISAT programmes; Status of Metop Space segment –PDR held in June 1999 –CDR held in September 2001 EUMETSAT and ESA placed a contract (Signed in March 2000) with Officine Galileo for the development of 3 GOME-2 instruments IASI CDR held April 2002 Metop Satellites EPS Services, System Architecture

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 19 Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 20 MetOp-1, 2, 3 satellites embark the following sensor payload (except HIRS not planned to be flown on MetOp-3): Infrared / Visible Imagery: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR/3) 6 channel visible / infrared cross-track scanning radiometer. Advanced Infrared Sounding: Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) Michelson interferometer covering 3.4 to 15  m range with 0.25 cm-1 spectral resolution and integrated infrared imager. Infrared Sounding: High resolution Infra-Red Sounder (HIRS/4) 20 channel visible / infrared cross-track sounder. Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 21 Microwave Sounding: Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit - A (AMSU-A) Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) 20 channel microwave radiometer suite (cross-track scanning). Ozone Profiling: Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment - 2 (GOME-2) Ultraviolet / visible, nadir-viewing grating spectrometer. Wind Scatterometry: Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) C-band, dual swath scatterometer with three independent views. GPS Sounding: GNSS Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding (GRAS) 12 channel GPS receiver for navigation and occulation sounding. Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 22 IASI HIRS-4 AVHRR-3 AMSU-A1 AMSU-A2MHS GOME-2GRAS ASCAT Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products The Metop meteorological Payload - Accomodation

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 23 EPS Product Services  PRODUCT SERVICES AVAILABLE FROM CORE GROUND SEGMENT & NETWORK OF SATELLITE APPLICATION FACILITIES  CGS BASELINE PRODUCTS INCLUDE:  All level 1 Products from all NOAA & Metop sensors  Selected Level 2 Products: Temperature/Moisture Profiles, Cloud Products...  VARIETY OF SERVICES/LEVEL 2 PRODUCTS FROM 7 SAFs:  Ocean & Sea Ice  Support to nowcasting & VSRF (SW Packages)  Ozone Monitoring  GRAS Meteorology  Climate Monitoring  Land Surface Analysis  Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 24 Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products The Metop System generates the following products (all in near realtime, Global coverage): Level 0 products: SEM, Level 1b products: AVHRR, AMSU, HIRS, IASI, MHS, ASCAT, GOME, GRAS Level 2 Products : ATOVS, IASI, ASCAT, GOME, GRAS Note: Level 1b products are radiometrically corrected, calibrated in physical units and geolocation information appended; All Level 0, Level 1 and IASI/ATOVS Level 2 products are generated within the Core Ground Segment located at the EUMETSAT headquarters Level 2 products for ASCAT, GOME,GRAS are generated by decentralised Satellite Application Facilities (SAF) Further processing to Level 3 is entirely performed at SAFs

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 25 EPS Data Circulation  Global data read-out through high latitude station  Exchange of global data with NOAA  Direct data read-out services: HRPT and LRPT  High Resolution Picture Transmission  Low Resolution Picture Transmission  Digital version of NOAA APT  Level of commonality with MSG HRIT/LRIT  Coordinated with CGMS  Near Real Time delivery of CGS products (level 1 and elected level 2) to Primary NRT Terminals within Member States  Near Real Time delivery of level 2 products through GTS/RMDCN

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 26 EPS Data Distribution and User Community EPS Users EPS Space Segment EPS Overall Ground Segment (OGS) UMARF SAFs IASI-TEC CAL/VAL HRPT/LRPT Users GTS/RMDCN Network EPS System Key to Primary NRT User Entities external to OGS (level 1/2 products) to off line OGS Users to CGS NRT Users - Internal to OGS End Users to Space Segment Users to EPS NRT End User (level 2 products, via GTS/RMDCN) Primary NRT User Entity WMO Community EPS Offline Users EPS NRT End Users ARGOS DATA GTS Gateway EPS Core Ground Segment CGS National Met. Services ARGOS UsersCLS-ARGOS

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 27 EPS provides global soundings at high spectral resolution with IASI Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 28 EPS provides global AVHRR imagery at full resolution Multispectral image (Channels 2,3,4) Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 29 EPS Global AVHRR data is received & processed with 1 km sampling (nadir)

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 30 EPS provides operational services with instruments in the heritage of European Earth Observation missions Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME-2) Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products Exemple of Ozone Products from the GOME mission

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 31 Example of ERS Wind Vector Field (500 Km Swath) Source: ESA Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 32 Example Wind prototype product from ERS-2 Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 33 GNSS Radiooccultaion Atmospheric Sounder (GRAS) EPS provides additional sounding capabilities (for the first time in an operational environment) Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products Bending Angle: from L2 from L1 ionospheric correction applied From Luntama (2000) Path of the ray perigee through the atmosphere

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 34 Climate monitoring capabilities Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products Mean Surface Temperature in K for April,1987 Chédin et al., 1996 Mean Surface Temperature in K for April,1988 Chédin et al., 1996 El Nino, , Surface Temperature Anomaly for April 1987 compared to April Chédin et al. 1996

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 35 EPS allows sea surface monitoring at global scale Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 36 GOME/ERS July 1998 NO2 total column concentration over Europe. High concentration over areas with dense population (Po valley, The Netherland and England) GOME/ERS July 1998 NO2 total column concentration over USA. High concentration over areas with dense population (East coast) Source: DLR Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 37 Conclusions: EPS provides (1) Continuity to the current system; High level sounding performances: provide enhanced data streams needed to further improve the capabilities of advanced NWP systems; Multi-instrument capabilities: assure service beyond operational meteorology, e.g. climate research and monitoring); Instruments built on the heritage of Earth observation missions (GOME, ASCAT). These are introduced into an operational environment; Long mission duration (14 years). This will assure that users are provided with long-term near real-time and off-line data service for meteorological and climate applications Metop Payload, EPS Missions & Products

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 38 Programmatic Status

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 39 Basic Dates: EUMETSAT EPS Programme approval in 1998 ESA Metop-1 Programme approval in 1999; Metop industrial activities: Signature of the Phase C/D Contract in 12/1999 Core Ground Segment: Contract signature with Alcatel in 12/2000; Launch Service: EUMETSAT signed the contract for the launch of the Metop satellites by Soyuz launchers from Baikonour with Starsem (a joint European – Russian company) in 12/2000; Nominal MetOp-1 launch date is between July 2005 (without margin) and December 2005 (5 months margin included). Programmatic Status

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 40 Current Status of Metop activities PFM PLM integration at Astrium ED essentially completed; Final system testing started in September, including TV testing planned in November; In parallel integration (and test) of the FM2 PLM avionics successfully completed. PFM SVM integrated and initial system reference testing has commenced SVM will undergo TV and EMC testing at Intespace prior to satellite integration (with PLM) in March 03 Programmatic Status

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 41 Programmatic Status Metop Satellite Integration & Test

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 42 Ground Segment Status: The Core Ground Segment (CGS) CDR held from late May to early July 2002 Core Ground Segment: Factory Acceptance Testing started for the Polar Station Facility (PSF), Front End Processor (FEP), Product Generation Facility (PGF), Flight Dynamics Facility (FDF) and the Dissemination Facility (DIF). Polar Site Infrastructure Service in Svalbard successfully completed its Verification Review in May 2002 –Transportation, assembly and erection of both EPS antennas and radomes was completed by early August, within the available “weather window”. –The RF, baseband and monitoring and control equipment shipped in autumn 2002 –On-site Acceptance of the PSF planned for early Unified Archive Facility Detailed Design Review for the EPS extension took place in October 2002; Programmatic Status

Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the Americas, Miami, December 9-13, 2002 Page 43 Final stages of mechanical assembly of the CDA-1 antenna and radome (Svalbard). Programmatic Status