Perinatal Safety: Moving to Zero Harm Moving to Zero Harm

Allen Perinatal Team Dr. Jeffrey Crandall Executive Sponsor Opens doors, improves patient outcomes, and acts as liaison between perinatal team and Allen Board.

Lori Murphy-Stokes RN MA Director Maternal-Child Services Team Leader Directs team meetings, coordinates resources, keeps team focused on Charter.

Theresa Pagel RN OB Nurse Manager Coordinates improvement activities with staff and providers.

Dr. Publio Ortiz Physician Champion Liaison between team and providers. Assists evidence based practice changes.

Dr. Michelle Graham Lori Hanson CNM.

Karen Storey RN OB QI Data analysis, report writer. Sarah Eiklenborg BSN Marilyn Owusu RN

Milda Mullesch RN Director of Case Management Improvement Advisor

Our story starts in September IHS joined the IHI initiative for improving patient care through evidence based practice. Our story starts in September IHS joined the IHI initiative for improving patient care through evidence based practice. We began with the White Paper for Pitocin induction and augmentation bundles. At that time we also wanted to know what our baseline for perinatal harm was, so we could document improvement. We began using the Perinatal trigger tool.

Pitocin Induction Bundle Gestational age > 39 weeks. Gestational age > 39 weeks. Reassuring Fetal Status. Reassuring Fetal Status. Vaginal Exam. Vaginal Exam. Hyperstimulation (renamed tachysystole) recognized and treated appropriately or no hyperstimulation of labor present. Hyperstimulation (renamed tachysystole) recognized and treated appropriately or no hyperstimulation of labor present.

Pitocin Augmentation Bundle Estimated Fetal Weight Documented Estimated Fetal Weight Documented Reassuring fetal status Reassuring fetal status Vaginal Exam prior to starting pitocin Vaginal Exam prior to starting pitocin Hyperstimulation (renamed tachysystole) recognized and treated appropriately or no hyperstimulation of labor present Hyperstimulation (renamed tachysystole) recognized and treated appropriately or no hyperstimulation of labor present

5 charts each week for Induction and 5 charts each week for Augmentation abstracted for the bundle elements. The results were shared with the IHS perinatal team. The IHS perinatal team met monthly on phone conferences. This is where ideas, questions, successes, failures, problems, and barriers were discussed. New ideas put foreword for consideration and trial.

Pitocin Induction and Augmentation Bundles 2007

Pitocin Induction and Augmentation Bundles 2008

Pitocin Induction and Augmentation Bundles 2009

Pitocin Induction and Augmentation Bundles 2010

Pitocin Induction and Augmentation Bundles Changed from Composite to All/None Score

Hourly Documentation of Pitocin Dosage 2009

Hourly Documentation of Pitocin 2010

Provider Vacuum Documentation Bundle 2009

Provider Vacuum Documentation Bundle 2010

Culture of Safety The perinatal teams surveyed staff and providers regarding the culture of safety on the OB unit. Allen’s results were: maximum score achievable.

Perinatal Trigger Tool Elements 1. Apgar at < 5 minutes of life. 2. Admission to NICU and > 24 hours. 3. Maternal/Neonatal Transport. 4. Terbutaline administration. 5. Naloxone administration. 6. Infant Serum Glucose < rd or 4 th degree laceration. 8. Prolonged decelerations 9. Blood Transfusion. 10. Platelet count < 50, Abrupt Medication stop. (eg. Suntocinon)

12. Hypotension/Lethargy (OD on Mag SO4) 13. Transfer to a higher level of care, including ICU in house. 14. Unplanned return to surgery. 15. Estimated blood loss > 1500ml. 16. Specialty consult. 17. Administration of Oxytocic agents post-delivery. 18. Instrumental delivery. 19. Administration of general anesthetic for delivery. 20. Cord gases < Gestational Diabetes. 22. Other. 20 random charts reviewed per month. Triggers don’t necessarily mean an event happened. Must look for level of harm.

Perinatal Trigger Tool

Perinatal Trigger tool consists of the following triggers: 1 - Perinatal team begins abstraction of data, meetings, goals and agenda's discussed. 2 - Perinatal work presented to OB and Peds Committee's and in OB unit meetings. Bundle elements discussed. 3 - Hyperstimulation of labor using pitocin discussed in OB unit meetings. 4 - Version 1 of induction of labor tool developed and implemented with providers. 5 - Ephedrine audit done and shared with Anesthesia Committee. 6 - Hyperstimulation algorithm implemented, shared in OB Committee and unit meetings. Perinatal Trigger tool consists of the following Interventions:

7. - Ephedrine audit done and shared with Anesthesia. 8 - Ephedrine audit done and shared with Anesthesia. 9 - Iowa Perinatal Team visit. 10- Version 2 of induction of labor form and C/Sections implemented. Providers education done. 11- Pitocin bundle fallouts and perinatal team progress shared with providers at OB Committee meeting. 12- Perinatal team progress shared at OB Committee meeting. 13- Ephedrine audit results shared with Anesthesia.

14 -Vacuum bundle elements discussed with OB Committee need to come to agreement of Allen Providers standard documentation for operative deliveries. 15- Iowa Perinatal Team visit. 16- Ephedrine audit requested by anesthesia and results shared. 17- Documentation elements of vacuum bundle agreed upon by providers. Start abstraction of 100% vacuum assisted deliveries for compliance. 18- Pitocin bundle fallouts, Vacuum bundle fallouts, and perinatal team progress shared with providers at all OB Committee meetings. Individual providers contacted and informed of specific fallouts. 19 – Pitocin bundle fallouts, Vacuum bundle fallouts, and perinatal team progress shared with providers at all OB Committee meetings. Individual providers contacted and informed of specific fallouts.

Lessons Learned: It is essential to have Executive involvement. Without this your team will struggle to make progress. It is essential to have Executive involvement. Without this your team will struggle to make progress. You need the right mix of team members. You need the right mix of team members. If team members can’t or won’t work together no progress is made. If team members can’t or won’t work together no progress is made.

Physician champion needs to be someone committed to the process and willing to go to peers to ask the tough questions, to demand the tough answers. Physician champion needs to be someone committed to the process and willing to go to peers to ask the tough questions, to demand the tough answers. You need Cheerleaders on the staff. Representation from the front line staff is essential for momentum building and getting the staff excited about changes and buying in to Scientifically proven safety measures. You need Cheerleaders on the staff. Representation from the front line staff is essential for momentum building and getting the staff excited about changes and buying in to Scientifically proven safety measures.