Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering Section 13-3 Cell Transformation

During Transformation Cell Transformation Key Concept: During Transformation A Cell Takes In DNA From Outside The Cell. This External DNA Becomes Part Of The Cell’s DNA.

Transforming Bacteria Plasmids Found In Bacteria Small Circular Pieces Of DNA Has DNA Sequence That Functions As Origin For Replication This ensure that once in the bacteria, it will be replicated

Transforming Bacteria Plasmids (cont.) Contains A Genetic Marker A Gene That Labels The Bacteria As A Plasmid Carrier For Example: Resistance To Antibiotics Allows Transformed Cells To Be Identified

Transforming Bacteria

Transforming Plant Cells Transform Bacteria With Plant Tumor Plasmid (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) Scientists Inactivate Plant Tumor Gene Insert Foreign DNA Recombinant Plasmid Then Transforms Plant Cells

Transforming Plant Cells Cultured Plant Cells With Cell Walls Removed Will Sometimes Absorb DNA DNA May Be Injected Directly Into Plant Cells (Gene Gun) Cells Then Grown Into Adult Plants

Transforming Plant Cells Key Concept: If Transformation Is Successful, The Recombinant DNA Is Integrated Into One Of The Chromosomes Of The Cell

Transforming Plant Cells

Transforming Animal Cells Egg Cells Large Enough: DNA Injected Into Nucleus Enzymes Normally Responsible For DNA Repair & Recombination May Insert DNA Into Chromosomes

Transforming Animal Cells Recombinant DNA Contains Markers Allowing Transformed Cells To Be Identified

Transforming Animal Cells Scientists Can Knock Out Single Genes Flanking Sequences In New DNA Can Remove A Host Cell Gene or Replace It With A New Gene

Knocking Out Genes