Geography of Eau Claire Thrift Sale Two Hypothesis: 1) Thrift sales will correlate with lower income home owners 2) Thrift sales will correlate with median household income and owner occupied homes

Thrift Sales: A National Phenomenon Nationally, nearly 20 million thrift sales annually. That is a ratio of 1 sale for every 11 people. (Combs, H., et al. 1980) Reasons for holding sales range from housecleaning to desiring a profit, but 8 out of 10 hosts interviewed in Eau Claire stated, “getting rid of junk” as a main driver. Since the 1960s, thrift sales developed as a way of compensating for the material consumption pervasive in American lifestyles. (Soiffer, S., & Herrmann, G. 1987)

Idioms of “Thrift” Sales Sale TermRegion Used TagNortheast Yard Northeast/ Midwest ThriftMidwest PorchSouth GimmeSouth RummageWest SummerWest GarageNational Terminology varies by geographic region Term/Region associations found through brief reference of large periodical classified sections Debate exists for term implications

Source: J Combs, J Bauer, P Burger. Journal of Cultural Geography. Vol. 25, No. 3, October 2008 Data Collection Thrift sale locations collected from the Leader-Telegram using August listings of sale advertisements from August listings were highest in number, corresponding with others research in Jonesboro, Arkansas August coincides with peak of the national moving season

Mapping the Data Addresses were mapped using Google Earth Pro 587 data points collected with 507 points plotted 80 points were unused due to incomplete or inaccurate address, or the addresses listed were in surrounding towns Data points were then superimposed onto US Census data maps US Census block groups were used as they are the lowest level for which geographic area decennial data is calculated

Thrift Sales and Median Household Income Comparison of thrift sales to median household income show a correlation Lower density of thrift sales in lower median income block groups Thrift sales cluster in middle median income - upper median income block groups

Jonesboro, Arkansas research supports findings (Combs, H., et al. 1980) Sale locations were positively correlated to income The block group with the second highest income per household held the highest amount of sales. Nearly 31% of the households in that block group held a sale. The lowest income block group did not hold a sale over the course of time sampled Sales per 1000 HouseholdsMedian Household Income

Thrift Sales and Low Median Household Income A near absence of sales in lower median income neighborhoods such as North, Downtown, and West Median Household Income

Thrift Sales and Median Household Income Thrift sales held largely in middle median income to upper median income block groups

Thrift Sales and Owner-Occupied Homes Thrift sale density is lower in block groups with lower proportion of owner occupied homes

Thrift Sales and Median Income/Owner-Occupancy The variance of median household income values within these block groups does not establish a pattern Median Household IncomeOwner Occupancy When compared to owner occupancy, the pattern becomes apparent

Interpretation and Implication for Future Research Original hypothesis was disproven, however literature was supported Higher income families are the impetus for the trickle down of goods in a population. o People attend thrift sales in higher or equal class neighborhoods (Herrmann, G. 2004) Home owners tend to accumulate more items over time and purge these items to make space for more/newer goods Geocoding and statistical analysis of addresses using GIS could yield greater insight into correlations

References 1. Combs, H., Bauer, J., & Burger, P. (2008). A geographical analysis of garage sales in Jonesboro, Arkansas. Journal of Cultural Geography, 25(3), doi: / Herrmann, G. (2004). Haggling Spoken Here: Gender, Class, and Style in US Garage Sale Bargaining. Journal of Popular Culture, 38(1), Retrieved from SPORTDiscus with Full Text database. 3.Soiffer, S., & Herrmann, G. (1987). Visions of power: ideology and practice in the American garage sale. Sociological Review, 35(1), doi: / X.ep Indowebsites. (n.d) Facts and Definitions. Retrieved from on 2010, August Bogwood Films, Inc. (n.d) Bogwood A-Z. Retrieved from on 2010, August 2. 6.Classifieds. (2009, May). Thrift sales: Section Leader-Telegram pp. 3C 7.Classifieds. (2009, August). Thrift sales: Section Leader-Telegram pp. 3C 8.Classifieds. (2008, August). Thrift sales: Section Leader-Telegram pp. 3C 9.Classifieds. (2007, August). Thrift sales: Section Leader-Telegram pp. 3C 10.Pamplin Media Group. Classifieds. (2001, 09 August). Garage/Rummage sales. Retrieved from on 2010, August The Providence Journal Co. (2001, 09 August). Yard sales. Retrieved from o on 2010, August 09.