  Queen Elizabeth gave Sir Walter Raleigh permission to settle  Raleigh named England’s first colony Virginia – after the Virgin Queen Elizabeth  First attempt at Roanoke Island in 1585 – FAILED – all return to England  2 nd Attempt in 1587 Roanoke

  John White governor of 2 nd attempt at Roanoke  Brings 100 settlers  Including his daughter who gives birth to 1 st English child in New World  Leaves to bring back supplies  Delayed by Spanish Armada for almost 3 years  Returns to… Lost Colony of Roanoke

NOTHING! Everyone is gone Only clue is the word “Croatoan” carved into a post

 Theories Survival  Moved entire colony inland  Integrated into a nearby tribe Extinction  Move colony inland and THEN destroyed  Lost at sea  Destroyed by Spanish

  Virginia Dare – granddaughter of John White  1 st English person born in New World Ghost of Virginia Dare

 Virginia Dare Stone

 Establishment of Jamestown

  1 st SUCCESSFUL English Colony  Established 1607  Financed by the Virginia Company of London– not crown  Joint Stock Companies – backed by investors looking to earn profit  Charter granted in 1606 by James I  written contract issued by government giving the holder a right to establish a colony Jamestown

  Financed by Virginia Company  100 colonists  Many looking for GOLD Establishment of Jamestown

  Colony site was swampy and full of mosquitoes  Mosquitoes carried malaria  Many fall ill to drinking river water  Harsh climate  Hot/humid during summer  Bitter cold winters  Colonists- looking for gold Hardships at Jamestown

  By January 1608 – only 38 alive  John Smith – soldier/adventurer – takes control  “He that shall not work, shall not eat”  Built wall around Jamestown  Trade with Powhatan tribe  Returns to England in 1609 Survival of Jamestown

 John Smith Disney VersionMore Likely

 Powhatan Tribe  Trade corn with Jamestown beginning in 1609  Indigenous tribe of Chesapeake Bay area  English refer to chief and his tribe as Powhatan  Daughter is Pocahontas  Tensions rise with arrival of more colonists = “starving time”  Expanding tobacco plantations take over more land  1622 Powhatans kill 100’s of Jamestown residents

 Pocahontas Disney Version More likely

 Pocahontas  “Saves” John Smith from her father  DOES NOT MARRY OR FALL IN LOVE WITH HIM  11 or 12 when she meets John Smith  Later married John Rolfe, a Jamestown colonist and tobacco farmer  Used as example in London of what a “tamed savage” couple could be  Dies at 22

  Winter of 1609  Powhatan tribe stops trading with Jamestown  Attack colonists  Colonists scared to leave fort  Colonists ate rats, mice, snakes, and some reports of one another  1610 only 60 survive Starving Time

 One amongst the rest did kill his wife, powdered her, and had eaten part of her before it was known, for which he was executed, as he well deserved,” Smith wrote. “Now whether she was better roasted, boiled or carbonado’d (barbecued), I know not, but of such a dish as powdered wife I never heard of.”

  Develops high grade tobacco  Becomes VERY popular in England  Virginia Company comes to view Jamestown residents as employees - mercantilism  Offered 50 acre land grant to settlers  House of Burgesses in 1619 – 1 st representative assembly – seeds of democracy  1 st African Americans arrive  Indentured Servants – need more workers  Sold labor in exchange for passage to colony and then were free after working off debt John Rolfe Saves Jamestown

  Economic system used by European nations to make money Mercantilism

Jamestown est 1607