Work Zone Safety SDMay04-01 Spring 2004 DISCLAIMER: This document is provided as part of the requirements of a civil engineering course at Iowa State University and does not constitute a professional engineering design or a professional land surveying document. Although the information is intended to be accurate, students, instructors, and Iowa State University make no claims, promises, or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information. The user of this document shall ensure that such use does not violate Iowa law with regard to professional licensing and certification requirements, including any work resulting from this student-prepared document required to be under the responsible charge of a licensed engineer or surveyor.

Slide 2 Acknowledgements Client Client Mark Bortle, Safety Engineer (IaDOT) Advisors Advisors Dr. John Lamont (ECpE) Prof. Ralph Patterson III (ECpE) AAP Duane Smith P.E. (CCEE) Prof. Veronica Dark (Psych)

Slide 3 Overview  Safety Problems in the Work zone  Work zone broken into 7 “segments”  Team members tasked with different solutions that fit in the various “segments”  Final recommendations for each section made

Slide 4  Defining the RS-4 Work Zone Matthew Baker: EE  Analyzing Crash Data Nancy Suby-Bohn: CE Outline

Slide 5  Rumble Strips Josh Keith: CE  Fine Display Sign Angel Anderson: CprE  Automated System Abdul Nuhu: EE Outline “Grabbing driver’s cognitive reasoning”

Slide 6  511 Phone/Website Clinton Dawson: CprE  Educating the Public Amit Agarwal: CprE Outline

Slide 7 List of Definitions IaDOT : Iowa Department of Transportation IaDOT : Iowa Department of Transportation CTRE : Center for Transportation Research and Education CTRE : Center for Transportation Research and Education AADT AADT MUTCD MUTCD

Slide 8 Picture courtesy of MUTCD 2000 Flagger Combined with a pilot car Lane Closure stretches up to 2 ½ miles Flagger Road Standard – 4 Work zone (RS-4)

Slide 9 Approaches Used - Grid

Slide 10 Approaches Used - Matrix

Slide Lane closure 2 - Lane shift/crossover (head-to-head traffic) ** 3 - Work on Shoulder or median 4 - Intermittent or Moving work ** 8 - Other type of work zone (explained in narrative) 9 - Unknown

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Slide 14 Temporary Rumble Strips Placement- Advance Warning Area Placement- Advance Warning Area Tactile and auditory stimulus to focus driver’s attention on impending construction Tactile and auditory stimulus to focus driver’s attention on impending construction ATM temporary rumble strips most tested- at least 6 states ATM temporary rumble strips most tested- at least 6 states ¼” Thickness combined with road construction orange ¼” Thickness combined with road construction orange Majority of research taken from MwSWZDI and Texas Transportation Institute Majority of research taken from MwSWZDI and Texas Transportation Institute Our goal was to make a final recommendation for Iowa from the research Our goal was to make a final recommendation for Iowa from the research

Slide 15 Recommendations To be consistent with the work zone and the MUTCD, rumble strips shall always be construction orange To be consistent with the work zone and the MUTCD, rumble strips shall always be construction orange Rumble strips to be implemented on roads with less than 2000 AADT based on the crash data Rumble strips to be implemented on roads with less than 2000 AADT based on the crash data 10 strips 10’ apart followed by 500’ feet 10 strips 10’ apart followed by 500’ feet Then 8 Strips, 5’ apart followed by 500 feet Then 8 Strips, 5’ apart followed by 500 feet Last set of 8 strips shall be 18” apart Last set of 8 strips shall be 18” apart 150’ in advance of the “Road Work Ahead” sign 150’ in advance of the “Road Work Ahead” sign

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Slide 17 - Rumble Strips being tamped into place

Slide 18 Work Zone Exit/Entrance  Goal: Design all encompassing system  Configure light timing mechanisms  Determine most effective light configuration  Modify traffic lights to needed specifications  Four types of work zones considered  Possible Systems  R.C flagman (Model RCF 2.4 )  Incorporates breakaway gate  Automatic Mode and Manual Mode  Future modifications to signal range  Future incorporation of advanced sensory mechanism

Slide 19 Work Zone Exit/Entrance Cont…  Horizon Signal Technologies (SQ3TS)  Easy visibility from multiple vantage points.  Malfunctions are detectable in the system, and are relayed to a cellular phone.  Needs physical barrier  Recommendations for a universal device  Highly visual qualities of the PLT model  Long range capabilities  Gated System  Advanced vehicle detection system  Highly configurable network

Slide 20 Examples of Flow Control devices

Slide 21 Speed Control After Initial Warnings “ Getting one’s attention is not the same as getting to one’s decision process.” as getting to one’s decision process.”  Learned Irrelevance – lack of need to respond  Conscious Choice – realizing a need to respond  Instrumental Conditioning – reaction to police car Veronica Dark, Assoc Professor, Department of Psychology, ISU

Slide 22 Signs and pennsylvania IDOT

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Slide 24 Variable Message Fine Display Sign  Radar + Variable Message Board + Fine  Programmable  Data Collection Options

Slide 25 Things to Consider  Variety of Message Boards, Software, and modifications  Effective Fine Message  (e.g. “The cost for your speed would be…”)  Testing

Slide Phone/Website Suggestions to improve or change current 511 website and phone system Suggestions to improve or change current 511 website and phone system Add features that are desired Add features that are desired Spread awareness among public to increase use Spread awareness among public to increase use Raise user friendliness of the system Raise user friendliness of the system

Slide proposed changes

Slide 28 Educational component  Multiple Objectives:  Educate the public (drivers, future drivers)  Different types of drivers (SUVs, cars, trucks, etc..)  Different approaches for each category  Educate the construction workers  Using the new setup  Basic safety guidelines to follow

Slide 29 Research  Research methods used currently  Whom do they target?  Do they fulfill the requirement of the project?  Adaptable?  Cost Effectiveness  Different campaigns underway  Study the campaigns in Iowa and other states  Campaigns in other countries (EU, Canada, etc..)  Analyze their effectiveness  Whether they are realizable in Iowa

Slide 30 Medium Electronic Media (PSA’s, TV, Radio) Electronic Media (PSA’s, TV, Radio) Newspapers (local, national) Newspapers (local, national) Magazines Magazines Internet (better presentation on IaDoT site, Google, etc..) Internet (better presentation on IaDoT site, Google, etc..) Pamphlets and flyers at local events Pamphlets and flyers at local events Work Zone Safety Week events Work Zone Safety Week events Driver’s manual for driving exam (commercial, private) Driver’s manual for driving exam (commercial, private) Educational material in school, driving school Educational material in school, driving school

Slide 31 Methodology Researched and discussed target audience Researched and discussed target audience Campaigns Campaigns Other media Other media Analysis Analysis Final Recommendation Final Recommendation

Slide 32 Future Work Implementing of individual components by senior design teams as desired by IaDoT Implementing of individual components by senior design teams as desired by IaDoT Testing by the IaDoT during construction Testing by the IaDoT during construction Analysis of results and updating the design as required, by future teams Analysis of results and updating the design as required, by future teams Involvement by other states in improving the setup Involvement by other states in improving the setup

Slide 33 Resource Requirements Personnel Effort Requirements Amit Agarwal Angel Anderson Matt Baker Clinton Dawson Josh Keith Abdul Nuhu Nancy Suby-Bohn Total Hours

Slide 34 Project Costs Item W/O Labor With Labor Parts and materials None$0$0 Abdul Nuhu $0$ Angel Anderson $0$ Amit Agarwal $0$ Matt Baker $0$ Josh Keith $0$ Nancy Suby-Bohn $0$ Clinton Dawson $0$ Funding $ Flow Budget$150 student share $16.00/person Cost Project Plan $14 Poster$70 Design report $17 Final report $17 Total Cost $118

Slide 35 Schedule – Estimated and Actual

Slide 36 Conclusion  Different components being designed for greater effectiveness  All the components might not be implemented immediately or together  Components are aimed for maximum cognitive stimulation  Components meet design plan submitted to the client

Slide 37 Questions ?