Does a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Increase Suicide Risk In Veterans with PTSD? Sean M. Barnes, Ph.D. 1, 2, Kristen H. Walter, Ph.D. 3, & Kathleen.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Effectiveness & Cost-Effectiveness of Collaborative Care Depression Treatment in Veterans who screen positive for PTSD Domin Chan, MHS, PhC Northwest HSRD.
Advertisements

Leah Russell, MA, 1 Maria D. Devore, MS, 1 Lisa A. Brenner, PhD, 1-4 Roger Casey, PhD, LCSW, 5,6 John Schinka, PhD, 6-8 Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, PhD,
Is Caregiver Depression Associated with Children’s ADHD Symptoms and Overall Functioning? Randi Scott SUMR Final Presentation August 07, 2008.
1 Substance Misuse & Deployments Lt Col Jay Stone, Ph.D. Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health & Traumatic Brain Injury 29 April 2009.
Impact of OEF/OIF Veterans’ Beliefs about Mental Illness and Mental Health Treatment on Treatment Seeking Dawne Vogt, PhD Research Psychologist and Acting.
Karol Meza-Englebrecht, California State University, Long Beach May, 2012.
Introduction to conceptualizing suicide risk in those with TBI Part 1 of 4 Beeta Y. Homaifar, PhD Melodi Billera, LCSW Where we discuss: TBI Basics Impact.
Consistent with earlier research, these data found a high rate of co- occurring Axis-I psychiatric disorders. While there was substantial overall agreement,
SOAR: Mental Health Trauma Intervention Program Robert Niezgoda, MPH Taney County Health Department September 2014.
® Introduction Low Back Pain and Physical Function Among Different Ethnicities Adelle A Safo, Sarah Holder DO, Sandra Burge PhD The University of Texas.
Copyright restrictions may apply JAMA Pediatrics Journal Club Slides: Isolated Loss of Consciousness in Head Trauma Lee LK, Monroe D, Bachman MC, et al;
 More than 2 million men and women have been deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq for Operations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF).  ~21% of men and.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Journal Club Alcohol and Health: Current Evidence September–October 2004.
Are Benzodiazepines Still the Medication of Choice for Patients With Panic Disorder With or Without Agoraphobia? By : s.bruce, PhD et al (Am J Psychiatry.
Naval Medical Center San Diego Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Intensive Outpatient Program (NMCSD PTSD IOP) Nancy Kim, PhD, ABPP Staff Psychologist, C5.
COGNITIVE APPROACHES TO SUICIDE Center for Disease Control and Prevention February 6, 2004 Aaron T. Beck, M.D. Gregory K. Brown, Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania.
Gender and the use of Veterans Health Administration homeless services programs among Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans Oni J. Blackstock, MD Yale RWJF Clinical.
Chapter 2 The Problem of Dual Diagnosis. Dual Diagnosis and Comorbidity Dual diagnosis – Describes individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for a mental.
® Introduction Mental Health Predictors of Pain and Function in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain Olivia D. Lara, K. Ashok Kumar MD FRCS Sandra Burge,
RETURNING COMBAT VETERANS RETURNING COMBAT VETERANS ASSESSING VETERANS’ NEED FOR RESOURCES, AND GAINING INSIGHT INTO THE TRANSITIONAL EXPERIENCE UPON RETURNING.
VA Women’s Mental Health Services Research Paula P. Schnurr, Ph.D VA National Center for PTSD Dartmouth Medical School.
Understanding Suicide Risk Factors A Guide for Suicide Prevention Workers.
Intimate Partner Abuse among Iraq, Afghanistan, and Vietnam Veterans: Cohort Differences & Associations with Military Experiences Andra L. Teten, Ph.D.
Differences in Patterns of Impairment, Psychiatric Comorbidity and Headache Beliefs in Migraine and Chronic Tension-type Headache Kathleen M. Romanek M.S.,
Frequency and type of adverse events associated with treating women with trauma in community substance abuse treatment programs T. KIlleen 1, C. Brown.
The Long War and Impact of Parental Combat Deployment on Children and At Home Spouses Patricia Lester, MD, UCLA Semel Institute.
VETERANS AND SUICIDE: VETERANS AND SUICIDE: A GROWING PROBLEM A GROWING PROBLEM.
Inpatient program Mild TBI / Post-deployment stress Evaluations Treatment Multi- and Inter-disciplinary Post-deployment Rehabilitation & Evaluation Program.
Risk, Resilience, and Behavioral Health in the Ohio National Guard,
The Mental Health of UK Military Personnel, Reservists and Veterans: A programme of research Dr Lisa Webster Post-doctoral Research Associate Mental Health.
STRONG STAR S outh T exas R esearch O rganizational N etwork G uiding S tudies on T rauma A nd R esilience International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.
Fibromyalgia Patients Reading Self-Help Journals and in Internet Self-Help Groups: Are They Different from Patients in Clinical Practice? Robert Katz 1,
Jim Boehnlein, M.D. Associate Director for Education, VA Northwest Network Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Professor of.
Sleep disturbance and suicidal intent in recent attempters P. Ferentinos 1, C. Christodoulou 1, E. Porichi 1, D. Dikeos 2, C. Papageorgiou 1 1 Athens University.
Linking Returning Veterans in Rural Community Colleges to Mental Health Care Justin Hunt, MD, MS Assistant Professor, UAMS Department of Psychiatry South.
INTRODUCTION Early after injury, persons with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been shown to experience physical, cognitive, and emotional difficulties.
Overview of National Statistics Justin M. Smith, Ph.D., Program Director, Fides Grant.
Suicide Among Members of the United States Armed Forces.
Introduction Introduction Alcohol Abuse Characteristics Results and Conclusions Results and Conclusions Analyses comparing primary substance of abuse indicated.
Assessing and Managing Violence Risk Among Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans Eric B. Elbogen, Ph.D., ABPP (Forensic) Associate Professor, UNC-Chapel Hill Psychologist,
The Impact of Killing on Mental Health Symptoms and Functioning Veterans of War Shira Maguen, Ph.D. June 18, 2010 San Francisco VA Medical Center UCSF.
Suicide 101 Peter M. Gutierrez, Ph.D. VA VISN 19 MIRECC Department of Psychiatry University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine.
PREVENTING SUICIDE IN THE UNITED STATES MILITARY: RESEARCH CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 5 September 2012 European Symposium of Suicide & Suicidal Behavior.
Treating Panic Disorder in Veterans with PTSD Ellen J. Teng, Ph.D. Michael E. DeBakey VAMC Trauma Recovery Program.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is the signature injury of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) with reports of mTBI occurring.
Texas COSIG Project Gender Differences in Substance Use Severity and Psychopathology in Clients with Co-Occurring Disorders 5 th Annual COSIG Grantee Meeting.
INTRODUCTION Emotional distress and sense of burden are experienced by many caregivers of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). 1-8 Predicting which.
Kisha Adderley IT 2010, Georgia State University April 8, 2013.
Familial Aggregation of Suicide Explained by Cluster B Traits: A Three-Group Family Study of Suicide Controlling for Major Depressive Disorder kongdi.
Table 2. Characterization of the Pubmed data base’s articles included in the sample Selene Cordeiro Vasconcelos et al. Psychiatrics Disorders in Crack.
Abstract The War-Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC) at the Washington DC VA Medical Center currently offers Complementary and Integrative.
OEF/OIF/OND Veterans and the Integrative Health and Wellness (IHW) Program Rena “Liz” Courtney, B. A., Stephanie Brooks-Holliday, Ph.D, Amanda Hull, PhD,
Clarifying the Relationship Between Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Mina Dunnam, Ph.D. 1 ; Loretta S. Malta, Ph.D. 1 ; Nicole.
The Nexus of Traumatic Brain Injury and Epilepsy in Veterans from Afghanistan and Iraq Mary Jo Pugh, PhD South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio,
Screening for Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder in Active Duty Women: Utilizing an Evidence- Based Approach Jennifer L. Varney, RN, BSN, ARNP, DNP Family.
Parity and Post-traumatic Stress: A Preliminary Study Benjamin Reissman 1, Sharmilla Amirthalingam 1, Gabriella Deanne 1, Jackie Finik 1,2, Yoko Nomura,
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL)
The Impact of Fear of Depressed Mood on Physiological Responding in Veterans with Unipolar Depression 1Khan, A. J., 1Dick, A., 1Kind, S., 2,5Black, S.
Cathryn E. Richmond1, Ashley Reno2, Beth C
Symptom Validity Test Performance in American War Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Kerry Donnelly, Ph.D., ABPP;
FUNDING ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
How many sessions are Enough
autoimmune disorders in Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans
Trauma chronicity and assailant type as predictors of symptom presentation in a community-based clinic setting Peter D. Yeomans, Kathleen B. McGrath, Evan.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Suicidal Behavior: Current Understanding and Future Directions Jaimie L. Gradus, DSc, MPH Epidemiologist, National Center.
Substance Use Among Female Soldier/Veteran Populations
Treatment for PTSD and SUD:
Psychiatric comorbidities in adult survivors of major trauma:
Presentation transcript:

Does a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Increase Suicide Risk In Veterans with PTSD? Sean M. Barnes, Ph.D. 1, 2, Kristen H. Walter, Ph.D. 3, & Kathleen M. Chard, Ph.D. 3, 4 1 VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), 2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 3 Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4 University of Cincinnati School of Medicine Does a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Increase Suicide Risk In Veterans with PTSD? Sean M. Barnes, Ph.D. 1, 2, Kristen H. Walter, Ph.D. 3, & Kathleen M. Chard, Ph.D. 3, 4 1 VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), 2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 3 Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4 University of Cincinnati School of Medicine The contents of this presentation do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government. (1) “This material is based upon work supported (or supported in part) by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development” (add as applicable Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Clinical Sciences Research and Development including the Cooperative Studies Program, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, and Health Services Research and Development). (2) If VA provided no direct research funding, but the research involved the use of other VA resources (e.g., facilities or patients), the publications, or presentations must contain a similar acknowledgement. For example, “This material is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the (name and location of VA medical center).” Research shows that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) independently increase suicide risk; however, scant research has investigated whether mTBI increases suicide risk above and beyond the risk associated with PTSD alone. The current research compared suicide risk factors among a matched sample of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) military personnel and Veterans with PTSD alone or PTSD and a history of an mTBI. Differences in the assessed risk factors were small and suggest that if PTSD and mTBI are associated with elevation in suicide risk relative to PTSD alone, the added risk is likely mediated or confounded by PTSD symptoms severity. This finding highlights the importance of screening and treating military personnel and Veterans for PTSD. * ABSTRACT US active duty military personnel and Veterans have been found to be significantly more likely to die by suicide than civilians (e.g., US Department of Defense, 2011; Kaplan et al., 2007). In order to ensure safety and optimize care for our military personnel and Veterans it will be critical to gain a better understanding of the factors that influence the likelihood that a Veteran or active duty service member will die by suicide. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) frequently co-occur among military personnel and research shows that each in isolation is related to increased suicide risk. 5-25% of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) military personnel and Veterans * report symptoms consistent with PTSD (Hoge et al., 2004, 2006; Schell & Marshall, 2008; Seal et al., 2007) % of OEF/OIF Veterans have sustained a TBI (Hoge et al., 2008; Tanielian & Jaycox, 2008; Terrio et al., 2009) % of individuals with a history of a TBI also have PTSD (Hoge et al., 2008; Lew et al., 2007). Research has shown that Veterans with PTSD are approximately 2 to 4 times more likely to die by suicide than Veterans without PTSD (Bullman & Kang, 1994; Ilgen et al., 2010). Similarly, research suggests that individuals with a history of mTBI are approximately 2 to 3 times more likely to die by suicide than individuals without a history of mTBI (Brenner et al., 2011; Teasdale & Engberg, 2001). It remains unknown whether Veterans with both PTSD and mTBI are at a higher risk of suicide than Veterans with PTSD alone. In order to assess the suicide risk associated with mTBI above and beyond that associated with PTSD, the current research compares suicide risk factors among OEF/OIF Veterans with PTSD and a history of an mTBI to Veterans with PTSD alone. Researchers have found that after adjusting for PTSD symptoms, mTBI is not associated with postdeployment symptoms or outcomes, suggesting that PTSD likely mediates or confounds the relation between mTBI and long-term outcomes (Hoge et al., 2008; Marx et al., 2009; Pietrzak et al., 2009; Polusny et al., 2011; Schneiderman et al., 2008). Based on the assumption that this mediational or confounding relation also describes the way mTBI and PTSD relate to suicide risk, we hypothesized that Veterans with a history of mTBI would show more severe PTSD symptoms, but would otherwise report similar level of suicide risk as individuals with PTSD alone. INTRODUCTIONPARTICIPANTS Patients in this study were 92 male OEF/OIF Veterans identified via medical record review of consecutive referrals for outpatient PTSD treatment between 2006 and 2010 at a Midwestern VA Medical Center. All patients met diagnostic criteria for PTSD due to a combat-related trauma. 46 patients had also sustained an mTBI, defined as alteration of consciousness for less than 24 hours, loss of consciousness for less than 30 minutes, or posttraumatic amnesia for less than 24 hours. Patients with PTSD and a history of mTBI were matched to patients with PTSD and no mTBI with regard to ethnicity and age (+ or – 1 year). Mean age of the sample was 30.3 years (SD = 8.2). Self-reported racial background: 93.3% Caucasian, 4.4% African American, and 2.2% Native American. RESULTS CONCLUSION MEASURES Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; Blake et al., 1995 ) Enables clinicians to evaluate the frequency and severity of each of the 17 PTSD symptoms. In the current research it was used to diagnose PTSD. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I; First et al., 1996 ) Was utilized to detect current and/or lifetime presence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Beck Depression Inventory (2 nd ed.; BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996 ) Self-report measure assessing depressive symptoms. PTSD Checklist Stressor Specific Version (PCL-S; Weathers, Huska, & Keane, 1991 ) Instructs patients to rate the severity of their PTSD symptoms in relation to a specific stressor (i.e., index combat trauma used on CAPS). Psychosocial Intake Interview The following variables were assessed via the clinics standard intake interview: suicidal ideation, suicidal intent, past attempts, pain, pain tolerance, hopelessness, emotional support, marital status, and employment. See the chart below for operationalization of these variables. There were no statistically significant differences in regard to rates of suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, hopelessness, pain, pain tolerance, lack of emotional support, marital status, employment, drug or alcohol problems, or other comorbid Axis I disorders. These findings suggest that the answer to the question “Does a history of mild traumatic brain injury increase suicide risk in Veterans is PTSD?” is “no, with one exception.” Extending past research, patients with histories of mTBI reported more severe PTSD symptoms than patients with PTSD alone, based on CAPS scores. The increased severity of PTSD symptoms may be indicative of some additional suicide risk based on research showing that PTSD-symptom severity is directly associated with suicide risk (Freeman, Roca, & Moore, 2000; Hendin & Haas, 1991). *This research was recently published in volume 57 of Rehabilitation Psychology. *The current sample included both active duty military personnel and Veterans. In order to increase readability we will refer to both as Veterans.