The Future of NOAA Coastal and Ocean Services in the GOES-R Era Mary Culver NOAA Coastal Services Center

NOAA Vision Customer service Customer service Continuous operational observing capabilities Continuous operational observing capabilities Reliable assessments and prediction Reliable assessments and prediction Integrated approaches to environmental management Integrated approaches to environmental management Partnerships Partnerships New technology development New technology development 1996

Tools and Technology Installing NEXRAD Dopplers Installing NEXRAD Dopplers Moving to GPS-based reference stations Moving to GPS-based reference stations Analog cameras Analog cameras Awaiting SeaWiFS launch Awaiting SeaWiFS launch International GOOS in its 5 th year International GOOS in its 5 th year Limited Internet and Limited Internet and GOES-9 recently launched GOES-9 recently launched

NOS Priority Themes People Observations Modeling Watersheds Partnerships Technology Customer service Customer service Continuous operational observing capabilities Continuous operational observing capabilities Reliable assessments and prediction Reliable assessments and prediction Integrated approaches to environmental management Integrated approaches to environmental management Partnerships Partnerships New technology development New technology development

NOS Customer Continuum Super-users – –Fewer numbers, heavy data users, often redistribute data in value-added products – –Interested in data quality and accessibility – –More likely to have specific recommendations for enhanced system coverage End-users – –Recipients of value added products, casual interest but limited exposure to data – –Desire information products rather than data – –Request opportunities to learn about data applications – –Require simple interfaces and single portal access

NOS Customers State and Local Resource Managers – Protected areas – Regulatory agencies – Wildlife agencies – Planning councils – Research organizations – State Sea Grants – Emergency preparedness offices

NOS Customers Actions: – –make day-to-day decisions – –implement proven methods – –conduct limited research and analyses Responsibility: To Effectively Manage the Coastal Zone Hurricane Floyd September 1999

Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms  Manage major fish kills and closure of shellfish harvesting areas  Sample coastal waters strategically End users want: Regional data for local interpretation All information in one place Validation of information Expert analysis

Remote Sensing Capability 2002 Coastal Services Center Management Survey

Remote Sensing Capability Preferences for Remote Sensing Data Forms of DataUse (%)Prefer (%) Hardcopy9230 Derived Products8255 Geo-rectified Digital imagery7859 Explanatory Documents6827 Raw Digital Data Coastal Services Center Management Survey

Tools and Technology Hand-held GPS units Hand-held GPS units Digital cameras Digital cameras On-line access to On-line access to –Data –Imagery –Training SeaWiFS, MODIS sensors SeaWiFS, MODIS sensors and cell phones and cell phones

IKONOS - 4 m multispectral Landsat 7 ETM+ 30-m multispectral Image processing: NCCOS/CCMA/Remote Sensing 2007 – Full US shallow-water coral mapping Mapping Coral Reefs at Higher Resolution

Priorities 2004 Coastal States Organization

Challenges Timeliness vs. Accuracy End-users End-users –Fast! - Need to make decisions today or tomorrow –Absolute accuracy may be sacrificed for speed of delivery Super-users Super-users –Slower may be ok –Accuracy is a primary concern

Challenges High Resolution High-resolution satellite imagery High-resolution satellite imagery –IKONOS –Digital Globe Seen on land Seen on land Wanted in water Wanted in water Needed for applications Needed for applications Baker Island, Pacific Ocean

Challenges Parameters Coastal ocean color Coastal ocean color –Turbidity –Chlorophyll –Phytoplankton Species –Dissolved Organics Shallow-water bathymetry Shallow-water bathymetry Salinity Salinity

NOS Operational Requirements Observation Horizontal Resolution Measurement Accuracy Refresh Rate Currents 1 – 10 km 1 – 2 m/s 60 – 180 min Ocean color 30 – 300 m < 30% error 60 – 180 min Sea Surface Temperature 30 – 300 m 0.5 – 1 °K 60 – 180 min Sea Surface Winds 300 m – 1 km 0.3 – 1 m/s 6 – 60 min GOES-R

Future Data Sources Observing systems and satellites Observing systems and satellites –Federation of regional systems –NPOESS –GOES-R Commercial sector Commercial sector –High-resolution satellites –Airborne sensors

Challenges Data Flow Daily – Decadal repeated and timely measurements for assessments of the status of coastal marine ecosystems and resources on regional-national scales Daily – Decadal repeated and timely measurements for assessments of the status of coastal marine ecosystems and resources on regional-national scales Real-time – Delayed mode – repeated and timely measurements for predictions of changes in the physical environment and ecology of coastal ecosystems Real-time – Delayed mode – repeated and timely measurements for predictions of changes in the physical environment and ecology of coastal ecosystems

Integration is the Key MBARI, MUSE 2000 Integrate offshore, coastal, and watershed systems Integrate offshore, coastal, and watershed systems Integrate local, state, regional, national, and international data Integrate local, state, regional, national, and international data Integrate data users and data providers into process through RAs and backbone Integrate data users and data providers into process through RAs and backbone

Major Forces of Change Natural Hazards Natural Hazards Basin Scale Processes in the Oceans Basin Scale Processes in the Oceans Global Climate Change Global Climate Change Population Growth & Land-Use Practices in Coastal Drainage Basins Population Growth & Land-Use Practices in Coastal Drainage Basins

Integrated, Ecosystem-Based Approach to Integrated, Ecosystem-Based Approach to –Environmental Protection –Resource Management Capacity to tune Capacity to tune –Rate of data acquisition, management & analysis to time scale of decision making Close the gap between Close the gap between –Development of new scientific understanding & technologies –the formulation & implementation of scientifically sound environmental policies Now and in the Future

“Coasts are never fully saved. They are always being saved through perpetual stewardship. “ Peter Douglas California Coastal Commission