(1) End labelling The enzyme polynucleotide kinase is used to transfer the terminal phosphate group of a radiolabelled ATP into 5- hydroxyl termini of.

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(1) End labelling The enzyme polynucleotide kinase is used to transfer the terminal phosphate group of a radiolabelled ATP into 5- hydroxyl termini of nucleic acid, which was dephosphorylated using phosphatase. * This produces alabelled nucleic acid of relatively low specific activity, as only the termini become radioactive (Fig 10)

Nick translation The enzyme DNA polymerase I is used to translate a nick created in the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA double helix. Nicks may occur naturally, or may be caused by a low concentration of the nuclease DNase. * DNA polymerase I catalyses a strand replacement reaction which incorporates new dNTP into the DNA chain (Fig 11).