AP World History POD #24 – Europe Clings to Relevance Revolutions of 1989.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Unexpected Outcomes: The End of an Era. Yes, Détente had come to an end in 1979, with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. And the Sandinista revolution.
Advertisements

The Collapse of Communism And the world watched with wonder …
One of the most powerful and energetic Soviet leaders General Secretary of the Communist Party from and the last head of the Soviet Union Changed.
Cold War the Soviet Union collapsed by 1991 background to this momentous event centered on a number of key developments.
Study the images. 1. What is going on? 2. What does this suggest about the control of the Soviet Union? 3. Why might this have happened?
Aim: Why did anticommunist revolutions sweep through Eastern Europe in 1989, and what were the immediate consequences? May 9, 2013.
Cold War 2 Review Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.
LEADERS. ___________ DOCTRINE Soviet Leaders END OF COMMUNISM.
Fall of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union
The End of the Cold War Chapter 15 Section 5. Inferior Russian Economy The USSR emerged from WWII as a superpower Soviet Union controlled many E. European.
Fall of the Soviet Union. Origins of Decline East Berlin riots in 1953 Unsuccessful Hungarian revolution in 1956 Poor relations with China Cuban Missile.
The Soviet Union Declines
The Fall of the Soviet Union 1970s to 1991 Cold War.
The Fall of Communism. Containment (Yes, again) Was the basis of American foreign policy from 1945 to 1991 as an attempt to restrict communism t only.
Unit 5 Topic: The Cold War ( ) The United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) emerged as the two strongest powers in international.
10 th American History Unit III- U.S. Foreign Policy World War II - today Nixon-Bush #6 The End of the Cold War.
Semester 2 Week 15.  Reagan admin persuaded the Saudi Arabian oil companies to increase oil production  This led to a 3x drop in the prices of oil &
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. End of the Cold War.
1968- Present Political and Social History of Europe Mrs. Craig.
Fall of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union.
What will we learn today? What will we learn today? Analyze the reasons for the collapse of the Soviet Union, including the weakness of the command.
When Mikhail Gorbachev became
The Cold War II.
POST-WWII TO PRESENT DAY THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE.
Détente : Cold War policy aimed at relaxing tensions between the US and the USSR. Called for increase diplomatic and commercial activity. Politburo : Supreme.
The Late Cold War and the Fall of Communism HWH UNIT 12 CHAPTER 18.5.
Pump-Up How do you think your life might be different after a Communist government leaves your country?
1 Revise for GCSE History: Superpower Relations, This is the fifth of five revision topics. Origins of the Cold War Events in Europe, Hungary,
Study the images. 1. What is going on? 2. What does this suggest about the control of the Soviet Union? 3. Why might this have happened?
Eastern Europe Chapter 13 Section 3. A. Revolutions in Eastern Europe  Many Eastern European countries were discontented with their Soviet- style rule.
Collapse of Communism and the Soviet Union Unit 7 Section 6 Adapted from Mr. Patten.
HUB DATE 1989 The Age of Revolutions in Eastern Europe & The Downfall of Communism Patrick Perez Raffi Margossian Jessica Cortez AP Euro Period 3 Spring.
Why did Communism collapse in Eastern Europe in 1989?
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Section 5 End of the Cold War.
Changes in Central and Eastern Europe Chapter 19.4 Pgs. -
THE FALL OF COMMUNISM Eastern Europe BACKGROUND: Soviet Satellite Nations of Eastern European from (Cold War years) Political:governments.
Cold War Standard Resistance in Eastern Europe Standard Objective – Describe the uprisings in Hungary (1956), Czechoslovakia (1968), and Poland.
The End of the Cold War Objective: To explain how the Cold War came to an end.
Chapter 18 – The Cold War Section 5 The End of the Cold
Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union
Warm up #10 Yesterday we saw in 1985, a new leader ___ ____, take control of the USSR. This would allow for great change in the USSR because he wanted.
May 21, 2014 Goal: Examine the policies of President Reagan and President Gorbachev that led to the thawing of the Cold War as well as the changes seen.
1. Why did the alignment of nations (east vs west) affect the relationship of European nations? It established a political division between Eastern and.
End of the Cold War ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How can economic and social changes affect a country?
End of the Cold War.
35-3 Gorbachev Moves Toward Democracy A. Gorbachev’s Reforms
Downfall of the Soviet Union
Study the images. 1. What is going on?
Struggle for Democracy in Eastern Europe
The End of the Cold War Chapter 15 Section 5.
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
The End of the Cold War In December 1988, Gorbachev announced that Communist ideology should play a smaller role in Soviet foreign affairs- this meant.
The Fall of Communism & End of Cold War
THE END OF THE COLD WAR.
The End of the Cold War
A New Era in Eastern Europe
End of the Cold War.
Struggle for Democracy in Eastern Europe
Struggle for Democracy in Eastern Europe
Gorbachev Moves Toward Democracy
When Mikhail Gorbachev became
End of the Cold War.
Breakup of the USSR Review – add details based on intro to the unit: Ethnic tensions Glasnost and economic reform Desire for democracy Started in Baltics.
The End of the Cold War?.
End of the Cold War.
End of the Cold War.
What changes did Gorbachev bring to the Soviet Union?
Struggle for Democracy in Eastern Europe
End of the Cold War but other Tensions EMERGE…
When Mikhail Gorbachev became
Presentation transcript:

AP World History POD #24 – Europe Clings to Relevance Revolutions of 1989

Class Discussion Questions McKay- “The Decline of Communism in Eastern Europe”, pp McKay- “The Revolutions of 1989”, pp

What events led to the break of Poland from the Soviet Bloc? Solidarity - Poland had historically been an unruly satellite / Communists failed to monopolize society/ No collectivization of the peasants / Roman Catholic Church remained strong / Poor management of economy Cardinal Karol Wojtyla - Archbishop of Cracow / Elected Pope in Died April 2005 (Pope John Paul II) / Returned to Poland in June 1979 preaching a message of love of Christ and country and the “inalienable rights of man” / A staunch anti-communist Lech Walesa - led the solidarity movement / August ,000 shipyard workers went on strike demanding the right to form free trade unions, freedom of speech, release of political prisoners and economic reforms / Gdansk Agreement- government gave in to demands after 18 days / Intellectuals and the Catholic Church joined the solidarity movement / Fearing a Soviet response under the Brezhnev Doctrine solidarity refused to use force to challenge the Communist monopoly of political power

What events led to the break of Poland from the Soviet Bloc? December Communist leader General Jaruzelski declared martial law Solidarity reemerged from the underground in the late 1980s and Lech Walesa was elected President 1988 / Solidarity reemerged / Labor unrest and popular refusal to cooperate with the military government brought the nation to the verge of economic collapse / June free elections / Lech Walesa and Solidarity joined with minor procommunist parties to form a new government

What made Mikhail Gorbachev different from previous Soviet leaders? reformer who rose through the party ranks to General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party he was too young to be familiar or associated with the Stalinist era his reforms brought political and cultural liberalization to the Soviet Union and permitted democracy and national self-determination in the eastern satellites believed in communism but realized the system was failing to keep up with the west- the Soviet Union’s status as a superpower was fading

What was perestroika and what effect did it have on the Soviet Union? Perestroika- “economic restructuring” he supported and easing of price controls, advocated independence for state enterprises and allowed the creation of profit seeking cooperatives to provide personal services for consumers Effect- the economy stalled in the transition and widespread consumer dissatisfaction posed a threat to Gorbachev’s leadership

What was glasnost and what effect did it have on the Soviet Union? Glasnost- “openness”- campaign to tell it like it is- censorship, party conformity was relaxed and open public discourse was allowed Effect- this reform went further than desired and bordered on free speech, free expression, and cultural revolution

What was democratization and what effect did it have on the Soviet Union? Democratization- to counter government corruption free elections were held in April 1989 Effect- the Communist Party remained in power, but a minority of critical independents were elected- a demand fro greater autonomy and national independence by ethnic minorities began (especially in the Baltic States)

What new foreign policy initiatives did Gorbachev enact? Foreign Affairs- he withdrew troops from Afghanistan and sought to ease east- west tensions Effect- he halted the arms race with the United States, he abandoned the Brezhnev Doctrine and respected the choice of the people in Eastern Europe

How and why did the communist dominoes of Eastern Europe fall? Gorbachev reforms spiraled out of control A series of largely peaceful resolutions occurred in Eastern Europe The revolutions in Eastern Europe spread to the Soviet Union leading to its collapse

How did popular revolution take place in Hungary? Communist Party agreed to hold free elections in 1990 Opened the border with East Germany- “vacationers” began to arrive East Germany to Hungary to Austria to West Germany This did not gather the communists the hoped for support to win in the elections

How did popular revolution take place in Czechoslovakia? December Velvet Revolution (10 days) Popular demonstrations led by students / intellectuals The Communists were forced to share power and then resign The Czechoslovakia assembly elected the dissident playwright Vaclav Havel president

How did popular revolution take place in Romania? the ruthless dictator Nicolae Caeusescu responded to popular demonstrations with a police / military crackdown this forced people to embrace the classical armed revolution the people defeated the dictator- captured him and executed him and his wife

How did popular revolution take place in East Germany? with the opening of Hungary thousands poured into the west in November 1989 the Berlin Wall was open- the people celebrated by tearing down the wall they symbol of the Iron Curtain / Cold War was ripped down Communist leaders were removed and free elections were held The issue of East / West German unification would need to be addressed in the future