Overview of OES study Indigenous compared to non-indigenous relationships. Perceptions Interactions Impacts Management strategies Relationships Be able to write about, and compare and contrast, relationships from different time periods. Be able to link this to environments you’ve visited.

Overview of OES study Indigenous compared to non-indigenous relationships. Indigenous Australians Non Indigenous: Early Explorers Early Settlers Gold Rush to Federation 20 th Century Relationships includes: 1.Perceptions, attitudes and feelings toward the natural environment, 2.Interactions and land management practices, 3.Impacts, both good and bad and sustainability

Questions  Compare the relationship of early indigenous Australian's to those of the early settlers  The early indigenous Australians saw the land as it owning them, not them owning the land; whereas early settlers saw the land as a harsh and hostile environment that needed to be tamed. Because the aboriginals are spiritually linked, the practices they did were more sustainable, such as their semi-nomadic lifestyle. The early settlers interactions were based around what they new, they tried to make it look like England – such as clearing land and introducing species.  Identify two land practices used during the Gold Rush to Federation period, discuss the impacts caused to the natural environment and the perception this reflected.  Railway and Road & Sealing and Whaling; for Railway and roads land needed to be cleared which cause removal of animal habitats and erosion. Sealing and Whaling in australia during this time dramatically reduced the numbers or seals and whales, almost to extinction. These

Overview of OES study Environmental movements. Environmental campaigns (such as Lake Pedder and the Franklin Dam) The rise of environmentalism Know about a key environmental campaign – the Franklin is worth considering – that you can use to illustrate the rise of environmental concern.

Question  A) Identify a historical environmental movement  B) Outline a reason for the formation of this environmental movement.  C) Provide an example of how this movement has influenced human relationships with Australian environments.

Overview of OES study Patterns and types of interactions. Types of interactions: commerce, recreation, conservation, tourism, aesthetic appreciation Patterns are changes in these interactions Factors that might affect or influence interactions: media, technology, commercialisation, background, education, increases in income and leisure time

Question  Describe two patterns of interactions associated with snowboarding over the past 10 years  What factors may cause a pattern of change to occur to conservational days such as clean up Australia day?

Overview of OES study Technology as mediator in human-nature relationships. Changes in the materials and design of gear (like clothing and specialist equipment) Improved access and communication (like roads, ski lifts, mobile phones) GPS and navigation Simulated environments (like indoor climbing gyms) Be able to discuss the affect of changing technology on outdoor experiences and relationships.

How Technology Mediates Relationships  1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  Relate these to an activity using specific examples

Overview of OES study Commercialisation of outdoor experiences. Selling the outdoor experience EXAMPLES OF COMMERCIALISATION INCLUDE: Guidebooks Grading systems Tours and packages Advertising and marketing Interperative walks/boards Guides and instuctors Be able to discuss possible effects on the environment, when outdoor experiences are marketed and sold.

How Commercialisation Shapes Relationships  What changes would occur to outdoor experiences, attitudes and interactions?  How has commercialisation influenced your relationship with natural environments through a specific activity?

Overview of OES study Views of nature. Views and images Environment as resource, gym, cathedral or temple, museum Views of different groups of people – including conservationists, land holders, adventurers, indigenous people, scientists Diversity of views How views about the outdoors shape relationships with the outdoors

How Views Shapes Relationships  If we view the environment how can this change our perceptions, as well as what we do?

 Describe how your participation in this recreational activity has shaped/changed/influenced/affected your relationship with natural environments

Overview of OES study Social responses to risk-taking. Criticism of risk taking Legal responses and sanctions Rules, regulations and restrictions Training and education Zoning in public land Infrastructure development How does this change what people do in natural environments

How Social Responses to risk taking shapes Relationships  How does the response of society change relationships with natural environments – how are experiences, attitudes, interactions, feelings changed?

What impacts are there on the natural environment  Question from SAC 3