Processes of Life Standard SC.F.1.2.1: knows that the human body is made of systems with structures and functions that are related. STARS Teacher Workshop

Sunshine State Standards Processes of Life Standard SC.F knows that the human body is made of systems with structures and functions that are related. GLE’s Fourth  Knows that complex animals have specialized organs to carry out life processes.  Know the major organ systems of the human body.  Understand the functions of various body systems. Fifth  Understand how body systems interact (how muscles and bones work together for movement)

Your Body The body is divided up into a number of systems. As well as the Nervous system, Lymphatic system, Endocrine system, etc. LETS LOOK AT SOME OF THESE SYSTEMS The Human Body Skeletal System Digestive System Muscular System Cardiovascular & Respiratory System

What is the Cardiovascular System? One of the most important systems in the body. It is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels. What is the Respiratory System? The respiratory system contains those organs responsible for carrying oxygen from the air to the blood stream and expelling the waste product of the carbon dioxide.

Cardiovascular & Respiratory System What does the Cardiovascular and Respiratory System work together to do? The Cardiovascular system is the bodies delivery system. Blood moving from the heart, delivers oxygen and nutrients to every part of the body. On the return trip, the blood picks up waste products so that your body can get rid of them. Facts about your heart Your heart is a muscle about the size of your clenched fist. At rest it contracts and relaxes about 70 times a minute and pumps blood through the chambers to all parts of the body.

Cardiovascular & Respiratory System How does your blood get oxygen? When you inhale, you breathe in air and send it down to your lungs. Blood is pumped from the heart to your lungs, where oxygen from the air you've breathed in gets mixed with it. That oxygen-rich blood then travels back to the heart where it is pumped through arteries and capillaries to the whole body, delivering oxygen to all the cells in the body -- including bones, skin and other organs. Veins then carry the oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart for another ride.

Cardiovascular & Respiratory System Activity Breath In, Breath Out From Easy Make & Learn Projects: Human Body  You will make a model that helps you to understand how you breathe air in and out. You will also create a Chest Vest to explore the breathing organs of your chest. The Heart as a Pump You will explore the working of the heart by making comparisons with the actions of a pump heart/top.html heart/top.html

Cardiovascular & Respiratory System Websites MEDtropolis Virtual Body: The Heart s.com/VBody.asp s.com/VBody.asp

Skeletal System What do your bones do? Protect your internal organs Support the Body (so your not a blob) Make blood cells Store Minerals Provide for muscle attachment  What if I didn’t have bones? Without bones you’d be kind of like a ziplock bag filled with soup. You couldn’t stand up You couldn’t walk

Skeletal System Are your bones alive? Yes!! Your bones are made up of living cells just like everything else in your body. If your bones weren’t alive then your broken arms wouldn’t heal. How many bones do you think you have? When you were born you had 300. As you grow some of your bones fuse together. An adult has 206 bones

Skeletal System Almost every bone in your body is made up of the same materials The periosteum (say: pare- ee-os-tee-um) is the thin outer layer of the bone The next layer is the compact bone. This is what you see when you look at a skeleton. Inside of the compact bone are many layers of cancellous (say: kan-seh-lus) bone, which look a bit like a sponge. And the inner most part of the bone is the bone marrow.

Skeletal System What is bone marrow and where does it come from? Bone marrow is what fills up the hollow center of your bones. Its in the bone marrow that new red and white blood cells are made. And I know it sounds crazy but YES your BONE makes you BLOOD.

Skeletal System Activity Where Are My Bones? From Easy Make & Learn Projects: Human Body  You will make a model of the human skeleton and explore its functions. Grow a Bone From Easy Make & Learn Projects: Human Body  You will learn what’s inside of bones and how bones grow.

Skeletal System Websites The Big Story About Bones _SW.html _SW.html MEDtropolis Virtual Body: Bones

Muscular System What are muscles made of? Muscles are all made up of the same material. A type of elastic tissue kind of like a rubber band. Thousands of small fibers make up each muscle.  What do you think muscles do? Muscles move YOU!! Without muscle you couldn’t open your mouth or lift your hand. You couldn’t move food through your digestive system. Basically you wouldn’t be alive very long.

Muscular System How do muscles move? The cells in the muscle contract then relax to their original size. Tiny microscopic fibers in these cells compress by sliding in past each other like a sliding glass door being opened and then shut again. The cells of your muscles use chemical energy from the food you eat to do this.  Are all muscles the same? No they are not. You have three types of muscles  Smooth muscle  Heart Muscle  Skeletal Muscle

Muscular System Your smooth muscle is called involuntary muscle You can’t control this type of muscle. It is controlled by signals from the brain. An example of smooth muscle is you stomach muscles and digestive system. They contract and relax without your control The muscle that makes up your heart (heart muscle) is also called the cardiac muscle. The muscles in the heart contract to pump blood out and relax to let blood back in after its circulated through your body. Just like involuntary (smooth) muscle cardiac muscle moves all by itself.

Muscular System Skeletal Muscles are voluntary muscles. You can control what your skeletal muscles do. Like when you run or throw a ball. These muscles make up your musculoskeletal (say: mus- kyuh-low-skeh-luh-tul) system which is a combination of your muscle and skeleton. Your skeleton and muscle work together to give your body power and strength.

Muscular System Activity Muscle Maker From Easy Make & Learn Projects: Human Body  Students make a model that shows how muscles pull on bones.

Muscular System Websites Human Anatomy Online: Muscular System You Multitalented Muscles es_SW.html es_SW.html

Digestive System Digestion begins when you first smell, see or think about a tasty food. Saliva begins to form in your mouth. When you eat the food your saliva begins to break down the food as you chew it. Once the food is swallowed it goes down the esophagus (say: ih-sah-fuh-gus) where the muscles in the esophagus walls push the food downward into the stomach.

Digestive System Attached to the end of the esophagus is the stomach. Here food is further broken down by the churning action of the stomach as well as the by gastric juices secreted by the stomach walls. From the stomach food goes into the small intestine. The small intestine breaks down the food mixture even more so your body can absorb all the vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. These nutrients are absorbed into the blood.

Digestive System The nutrient rich blood goes into the liver. The liver filters out waste and sends nutrients out to the body. After most of the nutrients are removed from the food mixture, there is waste left over.The large intestine pushes the waste into the rectum (say: rek-tum), the very last stop on the digestive tract. Then you flush the toilet.

Digestive System Activity Digestion Poster From Easy Make & Learn Projects: Human Body  Students make a lift-and-look poster that explains what the parts of the digestive system do. They also make a model that shows how the esophagus works. What Happens to a Hamburger? Read the book What Happens to a Hamburger? to the students. Students write stories about what happens to their food.

Digestive System Websites MEDtropolis Virtual Body: Digestive Tract The Real Deal On Digestion SW.html SW.html

References The Human Anatomy Online The Human Body Adventure The Story On Bones Your Gross and Cool Body