Biology Unit 1&2

 What do you think that blood is made out of??  Are there different blood cells??  What are these cells called??

 Blood is made up of: Cells Plasma Water

 Plasma is the yellowish fluid in the blood  It is in the plasma that nutrients are transported  Contains proteins that help in blood clotting  Also keeps the body at its optimum pH level

 There are 3 different types of blood cells  Do you know what they are called?called?

 The three types of blood cells are:  Red Blood cells (erythrocytes)(erythrocytes)  White blood cells (leukocytes)(leukocytes)  Platelets (partial blood cells)(partial blood cells) Do you know what each of these cells do?

 Red blood cells are used to transport oxygen around the body.  What is the structure called to transport oxygen on red blood cells?  Return to cells slide Return to cells slide

 Haemoglobin is the carrier molecule on RBC to carry oxygen  When oxygen is attached it is called oxy- haemoglobin.  Return to RBC slide Return to RBC slide  Return to Blood cell slide Return to Blood cell slide

 With haemoglobin the red blood cells can carry 20mL of oxygen per 100mL of blood.  This is about 70 times what they could carry without haemoglobin!

 White blood cells are very useful as they assist the body in fighting infection.  This is what is attacked in the infection HIV.  Return to cell slide Return to cell slide

 Platelets are partially broken down red blood cells that are used to clot blood.  Ie they form scabs and stop us from continually bleeding. Return to cell slide

 Transport: Water, Oxygen and Carbon dioxide  Distribution of nutrients  Waste removal  Maintaining body temperature

 Made of specialised muscle which allows blood to be pumped all around the body  Where do you think that blood needs to go?  Blood travels in structures called veins, arteries and capillaries, these are called blood vessels.

 Arteries: carry oxygenated blood and move away from the heart  Veins: move to the heart and carry deoxygenated blood.  Capillaries: Site of blood “cross-over”. Nutrients exchanged.

 Average humans have 5L of blood.  Does anyone know how much blood the heart pumps?  Do you know how much of this 5L is in plasma and how much is blood cells?

 The heart pumps 5L of blood per minute  55% of blood is plasma  45% of blood is blood cells

 Using the computers, find out what the structure of veins and arteries.  Draw the structure in a clear and labeled diagram.  When you have completed this, research a heart/vein related disease.  Eg. Atherosclerosis, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Cardio arrhythmias, Thalassemia.