Fundamentals of Accident Investigation Nelson Teran Regional Safety Manager, Eastern Region Revision Date: 10/2012

Accident Investigation NotificationRespondingArriving at the Scene Accessing Damage InjuriesGathering Information Photos Getting Service Restored Completing Report

Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA) Definition An MVA is a vehicle accident that results in death, bodily injury, property damage, or physical damage, regardless of nature, extend or dollar amount (i.e. $1.00 or more) of injury or damage. Collision with another vehicle Collision with a fixed object Undercarriage collision Non-collision (overturning the vehicle, running off road) Roll-away collision Passenger injury due to movement of the vehicle Collision during loading and unloading

The Call Determine what happened and exact location. Are there passengers aboard? Is anyone injured? Are vehicles blocking traffic? Determine the extent of damage. Dispatch notifies appropriate emergency responders. (Police, fire, EMS) Appropriate organizational notifications are made. Designated Keolis supervisors/managers go to the accident scene.

Critical Incident Notification Does incident qualify as “Critical”? (see Section of the Policy & Procedure manual) If YES, then Terminal Manager Notifies SVP of Operations and Region Director of Safety. If there is media involvement, GM must notify Dwight Brashear, Executive Vice President Business Development: Office: (310) , ext. 180 Cellular: (310)

Arriving at the Scene Assess the accident scene to get overall knowledge of what is occurring Supervisor

ARE TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES IN PLACE PLACE YOUR VEHICLE IN POSITION TO MOST EFFECTIVELY WARN AND DETOUR TRAFFIC AROUND THE ACCIDENT Arriving at the Scene (cont.)

Safety SET YOUR EMERGENCY LIGHTS ON PUT YOUR VEST ON

Introduce Yourself

Arriving at the Scene (cont.) Check on the driver’s condition. If the driver is uninjured, have them assemble a passenger list. Check on the passengers’ condition. Ask “Is everyone alright?” Never ask “Is anyone hurt?” Check on the other vehicle occupants. Begin photographing the scene. Start in close, then work your way out.

Photograph The Scene From All Angles 360-Degrees

Arriving at the Scene (cont.) Photograph all four sides of all vehicles involved. Photograph license plate and inspection stickers. Photograph the point of impact as well as the final resting place(s) of the vehicles. As you work your way back from the scene, be sure to photograph any traffic control devices, stop signs and speed limit signs. Attempt to photograph all drivers perspectives as they approached the point of impact.

PHOTOS OF V1 IMPACT AREA V1

PHOTOS OF V2 1.THE PLATE NUMBER OF V2 2.THE IMPACT AREA OF V2 3.PHOTO ANY OLD DAMAGE ON V2

LANE POSITIONS V2 V1

STREET SIGNS - STREET ADDRESS Las Olas BlvdUS

SKID MARKS - PHOTOS AND MEASURE 120 FT 122 FT

PHOTOS PEOPLE/PROPERTY DAMAGED AT THE SCENE - USE YOUR ON DISCRETION INJURED PAX PASSENGERS IN V1 PEOPLE ON THE STREET PASSENGERS IN V2

Drawing Diagrams Label vehicles Label streets by name. Note direction of travel. Indicate number of lanes. Include a compass Note the type of street. Mark all traffic controls Draw all fixed objects Draw debris Note: Point of contact Point of impact Point of rest Skid marks

OV1 IV1 STOP Bristol St. 6th St. 15’11’ 12’ 20’ Broken White Lines Broken Yellow Lines Solid Yellow Lines Solid White Line Point of Impact X Asphalt Roadway Concrete Curb Stop Sign Wrought - Iron Fence Stopped Vehicles Not to Scale North

Gathering Information Obtain information from other operator(s). (name, address, license, insurance carrier) Obtain witness statements, if available. Interact with law enforcement and emergency responders – be cooperative. Determine where any injured parties were transported. Does the accident meet the criteria for a D&A test??

DOT Definition of Accident An occurrence associated with the operation of a CMV resulting in: Human fatality Bodily injury requiring immediate medical treatment away from the scene. Disabling damage to any motor vehicle requiring tow away.

When to Test? Whenever there is a human fatality When a non-fatal accident meets the DOT definition of “accident,” unless the employee can be completely discounted as a contributing factor to the accident. The operator of the CMV or any other covered employee whose performance could be contributed to the accident.

Time Requirement for Testing Alcohol - test as soon as possible If not tested within 2 hours following the accident, document reason for delay, and continue to attempt to test. If not tested within 8 hours, cease all attempts and document reason for failure to test. Drugs – test as soon as possible, but within 32 hours of the accident. If not tested within 32 hours, cease all attempts and document reason for failure to test.

Accident Report The accident report should be completed by the driver as soon as possible. If the driver is unable to complete the report, a supervisor should assist the driver. (Driver must sign the report) The accident diagram must be detailed. The driver’s statement must be complete and concise. Review the report for completeness. Forward the Supervisors Investigator report. File the report in an accident file in sequence by date.

All Accidents Are To Be Reported To: Auto Liabili ty National Interstate 3250 Interstate Drive Richfield, Ohio By Phone: By Fax: By For Serious or Catastrophic Cases: (24/7) Workers’ Comp Liberty Mutual Insurance Company P.O. Box Tampa, FL By Phone: General Fax: First Report Fax:

1.Ensure entire accident report form is accurate and complete. 2.Ensure all other pertinent documents concerning the accident are gathered and sent to the insurance carrier. 3.Fax or the accident report and all other applicable documents within 24 hours of becoming aware of the accident. 4.Refer all calls from claimants or their attorneys to the adjuster handling the claim. Do not comment on liability or other aspects of the incident. Accident / Claims Reporting

It is not the duty or responsibility of any Keolis personnel to determine liability, only to report the facts surrounding the accident. Statements concerning liability or preventability are not to be made on the accident report form. Important claims reporting guidelines:

1. Photographs. 2. Other party’s insurance information. 3. Other party’s driver’s license & plate number. 4. Other party’s home and business telephone numbers. 5. Names of witnesses as well as contact information. 6. Name of police officer and department. 7. Names of all first responders if possible. Please refrain from using cell phones to shoot pictures !!! Some vitally important information that should be secured at the scene:

1. point of impact. 2. Shots of approach varying distances. 3. Use a common point of reference. 4. Photos of visible damage to vehicles and property. 5. Shots of skid marks. 6. Pictures of debris. 7.Photos of traffic controls & signals. Some critical shots that can make or break the ultimate outcome!!!!

1. Pictures of other vehicles & license the scene. 2. Shots of by-standers & possible witnesses. 3. Shots of inside the vehicles. 4. Pictures of surveillance cameras in close proximity. Some critical shots that can make or break the ultimate outcome!!!!

1. Date of accident. 2. Vehicle number. 3. Location number. 4. Driver and other party’s name. 5. Name of person who took the photos. Please properly identify all photos as follows:

Determining Preventability The Basic Question – “Did our driver do everything reasonably possible to avoid the accident?” If the answer is “YES”, then the accident is considered “Non-Preventable”. If the answer is “NO”, then the accident is deemed “Preventable”. NEVER indicate Preventability on the accident report or related documents.

Re-Training Re-training must always be presented as beneficial to the driver. The purpose of re-training is to correct operator deficiencies and enhance the driver’s skills. The intended outcome is a safer and more proficient driver. Re-training must never be represented as part of the disciplinary process.

Re-Training (Cont.) Post accident re-training must be of a duration sufficient to measure the drivers competency. The re-training must focus on the causation factors of the accident. An evaluation form must be completed by the trainer as documentation of the re-training. Post accident re-training must be completed before the driver returns to service.