African-Americans During the Gilded Age Constitutional Amendments After the Civil War 4 13 th – Prohibits Slavery 4 14 th – Grants citizenship & “equal.

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African-Americans During the Gilded Age

Constitutional Amendments After the Civil War 4 13 th – Prohibits Slavery 4 14 th – Grants citizenship & “equal protection under the law” to all citizens 4 15 th – Grants all men the right to vote The problem was that these provisions of the Constitution were NOT ENFORCED

I. Political Treatment

4 Literacy Tests 4 Poll Taxes 4 Grandfather Clauses 4 Intimidation & Violence Examples

4 Literacy Tests 4 Poll Taxes 4 Grandfather Clauses 4 Intimidation & Violence 4 All these limit political participation of blacks Examples

II. Economic Treatment

Sharecropping

Domestic & Manual Jobs

III. Social Treatment

“Jim Crow” Laws Become the norm

Lynchings

IV. Reformers in Conflict Booker T. WashingtonW.E.B. Du Bois

Tuskegee Institute

Niagara Movement & NAACP