Introduction to Grammar. The Sentence All sentences must have the following:All sentences must have the following: 1.Subject 2.Predicate All sentences.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Grammar

The Sentence All sentences must have the following:All sentences must have the following: 1.Subject 2.Predicate All sentences must do the following:All sentences must do the following: 1.Form a complete thought 2.Begin with capital letter and end with a punctuation mark (. ? !)

The Subject Definition: The subject is who or what the sentence is about. Ex. My best friend loves to swim. He knows a lot about history. The subject is not just the noun or pronoun!

The Predicate Definition: Says or asks something about the subject or tells the subject to do something. Ex. My mom drove me to the store August is the warmest month. The predicate is not just the verb!

Phrases and Clauses Phrase – Part of a sentence without a subject and predicate. Ex. After work, I drank a glass of milk. Clause – Part of a sentence that contains a subject and predicate. Ex. Although I quit my job, I still have lots of money.

More Clauses Dependent ClauseDependent Clause –cannot stand alone as a sentence –does not express a complete thought Ex. When I went to Italy, I lost my wallet. Independent Clause –could be a sentence by itself –expresses a complete thought Ex. When I went to Italy, I lost my wallet.

Problems with Sentences 1.Run-on sentences 2.Comma splices 3.Fragments

Run-On Sentences Definition: A run-on sentence contains two or more independent clauses with no punctuation or connector between them. Ex. I like basketball it is the best sport ever my best friend Tyler loves it too.

Three Solutions Run-on sentences can be fixed in three ways 1.A period (.) 2.A semicolon (;) joins independent clauses 3.A comma plus a coordinating conjunction –FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

The Comma Splice DO NOT USE JUST A COMMA TO FIX A RUN-ON SENTENCE!!! This is a comma splice. Ex. I like basketball, it is the best sport ever. You can fix this three ways: I like basketball. It is the best sport ever. I like basketball; it is the best sport ever. I like basketball, and it is the best sport ever.

Sentence Fragments Fragments are posers! They are parts of sentences pretending to be complete ones. Examples: To catch a thief. We must be vigilant at all times. I remember one thing about the Bulls. The three point shot scored by John Paxton.