An Introduction to Polymers Dr. Sheppard CHEM 4201 Fall 2014.

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Presentation transcript:

An Introduction to Polymers Dr. Sheppard CHEM 4201 Fall 2014

Polymers Natural vs. synthetic Industries What is a polymer? Monomer Dimer Oligomer Polymer Copolymer

Crosslinked Dendrimers Structure Linear Branched

Copolymers

Properties Structure Size and MW Density Crystallinity Strength Biodegradability Example: polyethylene

Polymer recycling

Polymer Classifications Thermal Properties Thermoplastics Plasticizers Thermoset plastics

Polymer Classifications Uses Elastomers (rubber) Fibers Adhesives Natural rubber

Polymer Classifications Method of Synthesis 1. Chain-growth/addition polymerization 2. Step-growth/condensation polymerization

Polymerization Reactions 1. Chain-growth/addition Radical

Polymerization Reactions 1. Chain-growth/addition Acid (cationic) Base (anionic)

Polymerization Reactions 2. Step-growth/condensation

Naming Simple polymers:

Some Addition Polymers Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 1,1-Dichloroethylene Polypropylene (PP)

Some Addition Polymers Acrylates Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) Poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Cyanoacrylates

Some Addition Polymers Rubber Natural rubber Neoprene rubber Butadiene copolymers

Polyamides Nylon 6,6 Nylon 6 Some Condensation Polymers

Polyamides Kevlar

Some Condensation Polymers Polyesters Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Other polyesters

Some Condensation Polymers Polyurethanes Spandex Other polyurethanes

Polycarbonates Lexan Some Condensation Polymers

Silicones (Siloxanes)

Applications of Polymers Choosing a polymer Design Other factors Mechanical/thermal properties Synthesis Body’s reaction to polymer Biodegradability Polyglycolide (PGA), polylactide (PLA), and copolymers

Drug-polymer conjugate brain_gliadel.htm brain_gliadel.htm 0Library/Main%20Nav/Rese arch%20and%20Clinical%20 Trials/Cancer%20Control%2 0Journal/v5n2/article4.pdf 0Library/Main%20Nav/Rese arch%20and%20Clinical%20 Trials/Cancer%20Control%2 0Journal/v5n2/article4.pdf Biodegradable Polymers for Drug Delivery Drug linker polymer

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