INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY MR. WAXER 1221 SEPTEMBER 1 & 2, 2015

INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY Objective: Describe the five themes of geography. List and describe physical features that influence population distribution. Essential Question: Do inequalities exist among nations? Standard(s): Students will evaluate changes in the cultural and physical characteristics of the United States and Canada including the uses of resources, size and structure of organizations, and the uses of technology by utilizing one of the big 11 social studies skills.G6.[9-12].7 - Determine how tools affect the way cultural groups perceive and use resources within places and regions. G7.[9-12].8 - Evaluate changes in the size and structure of cultural, political, and economic organizations.

WARM-UP: CNN STUDENT NEWS Write a ONE SENTENCE summary on TWO news stories from CNN Student News. You may take notes during the video. After the video you will have 5 minutes to write your 2 summaries. Summary: “A brief statement or account of the main points of something.” Discussion to follow: What do you think?

DO INEQUALITIES EXIST AMONG NATIONS? Are there rich nations and poor nations?

TWO OF MANY THEORIES REGARDING INEQUITY AMONG NATIONS It was far less challenging for countries near the equator to meet their basic living requirements. As a result they did not require a lot of industry and did not become very industrious Papua New Guinean existence disproves this theory The country is located south of the equator and for the hunter gatherers living on this island, finding food is very laborious ☼ Differences in natural resources Poorer nations have less natural resources thus diversity. Abundant and diverse natural resources is more common among wealthier nations.

- VIDEO – JARED DIAMOND Germs, Guns & Steel Diamond promotes the idea that differences in natural resources play a large part in how wealthy a nation becomes. Take 5 important Facts. Be prepared to discuss.

Location (where is the place?) Description using latitude and longitude lines Character of a place Physical and human features Human environment interactions The way people and environments affect each other Movement Patterns of change and trade Regions Geographic locations with shared characteristics Location (where is the place?) Description using latitude and longitude lines Character of a place Physical and human features Human environment interactions The way people and environments affect each other Movement Patterns of change and trade Regions Geographic locations with shared characteristics Five Themes of Geography

Natural resources (oil, arable land, water) Climate (hot/cold; wet/dry) Economic development Government policy Rural/urban settlement Capital resources (transportation, technology) Conflicts (refugees) Natural resources (oil, arable land, water) Climate (hot/cold; wet/dry) Economic development Government policy Rural/urban settlement Capital resources (transportation, technology) Conflicts (refugees) Factors that Influence Population Distribution

GDP Ethnicity Language Religion Education GDP Ethnicity Language Religion Education How can we describe the characteristics of human populations?

What factors influence migration? Push factors Overpopulation Religious persecution Lack of job opportunities Agricultural decline Conflict Political persecution Push factors Overpopulation Religious persecution Lack of job opportunities Agricultural decline Conflict Political persecution

What other factors push people out of an area? Natural hazards like droughts, floods, famines, volcanic eruptions Limits on personal freedom Environmental degradation like deforestation, pesticides, chemicals, fertilizers Natural hazards like droughts, floods, famines, volcanic eruptions Limits on personal freedom Environmental degradation like deforestation, pesticides, chemicals, fertilizers

What factors pull people to an area? Pull factors Religion Economic opportunity Land availability Political freedom Ethnic and family ties Arable land Pull factors Religion Economic opportunity Land availability Political freedom Ethnic and family ties Arable land

How does migration affect a region? Language Religion and religious freedom Customs/traditions Cultural landscape Language Religion and religious freedom Customs/traditions Cultural landscape

ASSESSMENT: THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY  Absolute Location:  The exact spot on earth.  Relative Location:  The position of a place in relation to another place.  Latitude:  Distance of a place north or south of the earth’s equator.  Longitude:  The east-west position of a point on the earth’s surface.

CLOSURE: Lesson Tweet Write one thing you learned today in class. Provide a RELEVANT and APPROPRIATE #hashtag Ex. #geography is cool Put your name on the back!

HOMEWORK: 5 Themes of Geography worksheet Acknowledgement of Course Expectations Due Sept. 25

WARM-UP: CNN STUDENT NEWS Receive Notebook and write NAME & CLASS PERIOD # on the front (if possible) and back. Write down 5 IMPORTANT facts as you watch the video. 1 point = 1 correctly written fact. I need to see at least (a minimum of) 5 facts.