Chapter 2 Vocabulary Quiz Words Directions: Copy the following vocabulary words. They will be on your Ch 2 Vocabulary Clicker quiz on Friday: (CIRCLE/HIGHLIGHT THEM IN YOUR NOTES!) Dynasty Pharaohs Cataracts Deities Delta Embalming Kemet Mummy Shadoff Pyramids Manuscript Surveyors Barley Tribute Papyrus Incense Hieroglyphics Savannas

WWW #9 Write a caption for a museum describing this artifact from ancient Egypt.

The woolly mammoth roamed Siberia, northern Europe, and parts of North America during the Pleistocene epoch. (The Pleistocene is the subdivision of the Cenozoic era that came right before the present epoch, lasting from about 1.8 million to 11,800 years ago.)

The Egyptian Empires Today we are learning about the cultural advances and territorial expansions of the Middle & New Kingdom

The Middle Kingdom Capital moved from Memphis to Thebes- order/stability restored after 200 years of confusion Golden Age – time of peace & prosperity Land – took control of new lands Tribute sent – enriched the kingdom Added more waterways & dams Canal built btw Nile & Red Sea Larger amount of farm land

Art of the Middle Kingdom During a golden age the following thrive: Art Painting on tombs Sculptures – more realistic – Pharaohs shown as real people Literature Poets – wrote tributes to the pharaohs Architecture Tombs cut into cliffs Valley of the Kings

The Hyksos Middle Kingdom – ends 1670 B.C.E. Hyksos – western Asia – attacked Mighty warriors Horse-drawn chariots Iron/bronze weapons Ruled – 150 yrs. Ahmose- Egyptian prince – drove Hyksos out of Egypt

Major accomplishments Pharaohs of the New Kingdom Family members Reigned Major accomplishments Other info Ahmose 1550 Hatshepsut 1473-1458 Thutmose III 1458-1425 Akhenaton 1370 Tutankhamen 1333-1324 Ramses 1279-1213

The New Kingdom Began with Ahmose’s reign Even richer & more powerful Empire building – priority of N.K. pharaohs Fought w/Asia for land Egypt reached height of its glory

Hatshepsut Female pharaoh Often wore men’s clothing More interested in the economy – trade relations Restored Egypt’s wealth by trading w/ Africa & Asia Exports: beads, metal tools, weapons Imports: ebony, gold, ivory, incense & myrrh Step-son plotted against her – overthrew her gov.

Thutmose III Stepson/nephew of Hatshepsut Aggressive leader – more land under his control than any other leader Borders expanded - to Euphrates river, Nubia reclaimed Rich Tribute Trade POWs Put to work rebuilding Thebes Did have rights – land, marriage, eventually freedom

Akhenaton Aka: Amenhotep Married to Nefertiti Priest becoming too powerful Introduced new Religion – monotheistic took away priest positions, seized lands, closed temples Changed his name to Akhenaton – “Spirit of Aton” Citizens viewed as attacking Egypt – refused to worship new religion Concentrated more on religion, less on pharaoh duties Hittites attacked Egypt – Egypt lost most of its land 

Tutankhamen Aka: King Tut Became pharaoh – 10 yrs old Small role in Egypt at the time of his reign Learned more from his death about the civilization His tomb Howard Carter – 1922 Curse of King Tut

Ramses II Reigned 66 years Served as captain in army at 10 yrs old “Ramses the Great” b/c of fame on battlefield Armies regained lands in W. Asia Defeated Syria Defeated the Hittites Building program Construction of new temples Restored the Sphinx Temple of Karnak Abu Simbel temple – built of solid rock, huge statues of Ramese II Had more than 100 kids

Temples No reg. services held here Temples = houses for gods/goddesses Prayer at home Temples = houses for gods/goddesses Priest/priestesses – preformed daily rituals Banks – stored valuable items for safe keeping Gold Oils Fine cloth

Decline & Fall Power fades after Ramses II Trouble keeping neighbors under control No iron weapons By 1150 – only control the Nile delta Conquered by numerous people Libyans Kush Assyrians

The least you need to know: (Who can get all of them correct?) The Middle Kingdom was a _______ _____; a time of peace & prosperity During the ______ Kingdom, Egypt acquired new territory. _____________ tried to change Egypt’s religion _____________ is famous for the treasures found in his tomb Under ___________ Egypt regained territory and built great temples

Reading Check Answers Peace and prosperity Middle Akhenaton (Aka: Amenhotep ) Tutankhamen Ramses II