The Hundred Years’ War. What was it? a series of wars between 2 royal families (Valois x Anjou/ Plantagenet) French x English 1337 – 1453 fight over the.

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Presentation transcript:

The Hundred Years’ War

What was it? a series of wars between 2 royal families (Valois x Anjou/ Plantagenet) French x English 1337 – 1453 fight over the control of various pieces of land in France

Location

Where can we find the roots of this conflict? 1)1066 – William the Conqueror (Norman Duke, a vassal of the French King) 2)Henry II married Eleanor of Aquitaine (12c) - got a big region in France - their sons:Richard the Lionheart John the Lackland (lost land) 1)1328 – Charles IV (Valois) dies candidates: Philip VI (Valois) x Edward III 4)Flanders – a rich region under French control

Dynastic conflict 1328 – Charles IV (son of Philip IV) died died wihout an heir there were 2 candidates – see the family tree struggle over the throne startes (1337 Philip confiscates Aquitaine) Lex Salica

Family tree (Valois)

Flanders as a reson for conflict industrial center of north-western Europe extremely wealthy – cloth manufacture imported fleece/ wool from England England depended upon this trade exchange France wated to control the region (Flemish counts were vassals of French king) triangular trade Battle of Sluys 1337 – English naval victory

The War Breaks Out Battle of Sluys 1337 Battle of Crecy 1346 (John of Luxembourg) Battle of Poitiers 1356 (French king captive) Black Death, rebellions in both countries (1350s Jacquerie, 1381 Pasants' Revolt) Battle of Agincourt 1415 (Treaty of Troyes, Henry V married Catherine – French princess and their son is crowned king of E. and F. (Charles VII – dauphin was disowned)

Weapons and tactics longbow (English/ Welsh longbow) crossbow pikes swords, maces, etc. heavy cavalry (France) light infantry (England) avoiding pitch battle (England) use of terrain (England)

Black Death see separate presentation

Joan of Arc she had a vision, God told her to go and tell the king she led the French to victory raising of the siege of Orleans dauphin Charles crowned French king as Charles VII 1431 – burned at stake 1435 – end of civil war (Burgundians)

Final phase of the war English still held Aquitaine and Normandy 1453 – Battle of Castillon final victory of the French England lost all its holdings in France no treaty, just cease fire

What were the results of the war? study the last section of the text (6.3) and fill in the chart

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