By Erin Schrack Computers 8 NUTRITION

 Provides energy for body  2 major types  Simple (sugar) –digest quickly & easily  Complex (starches) – chain of simple carbs connected together  Most common carbs: glucose & fructose  Body breaks down into simple sugars  Foods include: grain, dairy, fruits, sweets, etc. CARBOHYDRATES

 Acts as an insulation against heat loss  Provides energy to body  Protects important organs  2 types  Saturated (butter, lard, margarine)  Polyunsaturated & monounsaturated fats (sunflower, canola, olive, peanut, sesame, soybean oils, etc.)  Amount of fat is essential for balanced diet  Foods: meat, dairy, commercial pastries, etc. FATS

 Provide energy for body  Build, maintain, and repair tissues in body  Two types  Complete (animal sources)  Incomplete (vegetables)  Make up large part of cells in body  Made of amino acids- linked together in long chains  Foods include:  Dairy (milk, cheese, etc.)  Meat (fish, beef, poultry, egg, etc.)  Grain (cereal grains, nuts, seeds, beans, etc.) PROTEIN

 Helps in functioning of stomach and intestines  2 types:  Soluble – partially dissolves in water, decreases blood cholesterol levels  Insoluble fiber –doesn’t dissolve in water, decreases the risk of colon cancer  Mainly complex carbohydrates  Foods include:  beans, bran, fruits, cabbage and other leafy vegetables, nuts, whole-grain bread, etc. FIBER

 Necessary for growth and health  Increases speed of chemical reaction in body  Keeps skin healthy & builds resistance to infection  2 types  Fat-soluble vitamins – vitamins A, D, E, K, store these vitamins in the liver and fatty tissues  Water-soluble vitamins - dissolve more readily in water  Regulate chemical reactions when body converts food into energy and living tissues  Some essential vitamins produced within body itself VITAMINS

 Many vitamins  Vitamin A- occurs naturally (egg, liver, milk etc.)  Vitamin D- (sunshine vitamin) forms on skin when exposed to sunlight, prevents bone disease  Vitamin E - important role in maintaining cell membranes  Vitamin K - essential for blood clotting  Vitamin C - essential for healthy blood vessels, bones, and teeth VITAMINS (CONT.)

 Helps body grow, develop & stay healthy  Builds strong bones, transmits nerve impulses  Make hormones & maintain normal heartbeat  2 kinds:  macrominerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfur)  Trace minerals (iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium)  Calcium is the top macromineral  Foods include:  Meats, certain vegetables, certain fruits, dairy MINERALS

 Transports nutrients & waste products  necessary for all digesting, absorbing circulating & excreting  Maintains proper body temperature  Removes toxins and wastes from body  Acts as cushions for organs  In almost everything we eat and drink WATER

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