PSYCHOLOGY OF MOTIVATION Myers Ch. 7A Daniel Pink, "Drive"

WHAT MOTIVATES YOU?

FIVE THEORIES  1) Hedonic principle: experience pleasure/avoid pain  Very Freudian/psychoanal ytic  Thanatos/Eros

FIVE THEORIES  2) Instinct Theory— evolutionary/innate behavior  Rooting instinct

FIVE THEORIES  3) Drive Theory –we are motivated to reduce a drive to return to homeostasis...i.e., food, sex, temperature  Hull’s drive reduction theory  What is NOT explained by this theory?

 Watching sad movies  Climbing mountains  Attending college  Read books  Etc...

FIVE THEORIES  4) Arousal Theory—we are driven to experience stimulation—even if we are not hungry, have no desire to mate, and are perfectly physiologically content....we still do stuff.  8A-2 and 8A-3

FIVE THEORIES  5) Humanistic Theory: humans strive to obtain self- actualization  Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs  8A-4 and 8A-5

THE DRIVE FOR HUNGER  “Alive Clip” “Alive Clip”

THE DRIVE FOR HUNGER  The hypothalamus  Lateral hypothalamus— on—ghrelin  Ventromedial hypothalamus—off— leptin

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE DESTROY THE VENTROMEDIAL HYPOTHALAMUS?

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE DESTROY THE LATERAL HYPOTHALAMUS

EATING DISORDERS  Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa--  Multiple factors *Cognitive  1) distorted body image  2) feelings of control *Biological—primarily females *Social—primarily females

EATING DISORDERS  Obesity—the average American is 18 pounds heavier than they were in the 1970s.  40% of American women are too heavy to enlist in the military  In 1991 no state had an obesity rate of higher than 20%. Now CO is the only state below.  Causes? Biological, Social, evolutionary...  Hand outs 8A-7, 8, 9, & 10.

SEXUAL MOTIVATION  Johnson and Masters: Forty Studies  Sexual Attraction Sexual Attraction

THE NEED TO BELONG ARON RALSTON--127 HOURS ARON RALSTON--127 HOURS