Presentation by Sangeetha.N.Kumar X Std. Embassy Public School

Introduction Farming Types - Chemical farming - Organic farming Chemical Farming - Advantages - Disadvantages Organic Farming - Components - Principles - Methods - Advantages - Disadvantages Case Study Comparative Study Statistical Data Conclusion Content

INTRODUCTION Agriculture Soil requirements Minerals (N, P, K) Organic matter (Humus)

FARMING TYPES Mainly two types of Farming : CChemical Farming OOrganic Farming

CHEMICAL FARMING Lays emphasis on use of Chemicals Advantages Nutrient specific Rapid results High yields Disadvantages Pollution Soil quality Eutrophication Ground water pollution Biomagnification

ORGANIC FARMING A production system which avoids the use of synthetic fertilizers ORGANIC FARMING Integrated Farming Organic Biofertilizers Crop Rotation Integrated Weed Management Integrated Disease Management Integrated Pest Management COMPONENTS OF ORGANIC FARMING

PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC FARMING →Biodiversity →Sustainability →Natural Plant Nutrition →Natural Pest Management →Integrity

METHODS OF ORGANIC FARMING  Organic Pest Control  Soil Quality  Biodynamics  Vermiculture  Earthworm : The Natural Bioreactor  Vermicompost

ORGANIC FARMING ADVANTAGES Natural Resources remain intact Pollution hazards Use of Organic Wastes Employment opportunities Generate Original Eco system Lower Investments DISADVANTAGES Not Nutrient Specific Labour Timely vigil

CASE 1: Name of plant : Tulsi Scientific name: Oscimum sanctum Height: 1-1.5ft. Plant type: Herb Leaf type: Variegated, reticulate venation, Dicot  ANALYSIS: A frail tulsi plant was taken as a sample study. It was observed for a period of 24 days. It was supplied with an Organic preparation in addition to wastes supplied to it.  OBSERVATIONS: The plant was observed to recover within the stipulated time.  CONTROL: A plant treated with chemicals  INFERENCE: Organic inputs were found to be more effective. The soil treated with Organic preparation was found to be of pH 6.1 while the one with chemicals was tested for 4.5 CASE STUDY

CASE 2: Name of plant: Toor Scientific name: Caganus cagan Height: 3 ft. Plant type: Annual Leaf type: An oval leaf blade, reticulate, Dicot, Legume  ANALYSIS: A toor plant was taken as a sample study. It was observed for a period of 6 months. The plant was supplied with an Organic preparation in addition to Organic wastes supplied to it.  OBSERVATIONS: The plant was a success as a perennial crop by supplying three yields. The grains were found to be sweet, large in size. It also recorded an extra growth of 5ft.  CONTROL: A plant supplied with chemicals.  INFERENCE: Organic inputs were found to be more productive and economical. The soil with Organic inputs recorded pH 6.0 whereas that treated with chemicals recorded a pH of 5.2 CASE STUDY

COMPARATIVE STUDY Chemical Farming ةUةUse of chemicals ةEةEco unfriendly ةNةNutrient specific but hazardous ةTةThe farmer spraying the chemicals is affected. ةUةUneconomical ةNةNot sustainable Organic Farming ةDةDiscard of chemicals ةEةEco friendly ةNةNutrient specific, non hazardous ةDةDoes not involve chemicals so no side effects. ة Economical ةSةSustainable

COMPARATIVE STUDY Organic Farming Higher Nitrogen fixation High microbe activity Less loss of nutrition SUSTAINABLE Chemical Farming Nitrogen reduced Reduced microbes High Nutrition loss UNSUSTAINABLE ةCةChemicals are eco unfriendly while organic wastes are easily decomposed.

STATISTICAL DATA COUNTRY ﻬSweden ﻬAustralia ﻬUSA ﻬUruguay ﻬGermany ﻬItaly ٭% OF LAND UNDER ORGANIC CULTIVATION ٭19% ٭11% ٭00.2% ٭04% ٭08%

CONCLUSION Organic Farming is Nature friendly. It is soil sustaining. THUS ORGANIC FARMING CAN BE CONSIDERED THE MOST SUSTAINABLE FORM OF AGRICULTURE.

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