Looking Outwards to the Global World: The Drive for Internationalizing Universities in Hong Kong and Asia Professor Ka Ho Mok Associate Dean & Professor Faculty of Social Sciences The University of Hong Kong

Overview Globalization, the Rise of the Knowledge Economy and University Education Globalization and Curriculum Design: Some Major Underlying Values Globalization and Major Curriculum Changes in Hong Kong and Asia Globalization and the Curriculum Reforms: Critical Reflections Conclusion

Globalization, the Rise of the Knowledge Economy and University Education The rise of the knowledge economy Education as a tradable service A new set of expectations and demands for skills in education

Major Employers Perceived Ideal Graduates Flexibility to adapt to changing work environment Ability to work in situations with ill- defined problems Having an international outlook Thinking Critically and analytically Being creative and innovative

Major Employers Perceived Ideal Graduates Mastering technology and multi-media skills Having problem-solving skills Ability in working in teams Working independently

Globalization and Curriculum Design: Some Major Underlying Values A shift from a teacher-oriented to a learner- oriented approach in learning Advocating the importance of lifelong learning, work-based learning and whole- person development

Globalization and Curriculum Design: Some Major Underlying Values Traditional LearningLifelong Learning The teacher is the source of knowledge Learner receives knowledge from the teacher Learners work by themselves All learners do the same thing Tests are given to prevent progress until students have completely mastered a set of skills and to retain further learning Teachers receive initial training plus ad hoc in service training Good learners are identified as permitted to continue their education Educators are guides to sources of knowledge People learn by doing People learn in groups and from one another Assessment is used to guide learning and identify pathways for further learning Educators develop individualized learning plans Educators are lifelong learners, Initial training and ongoing professional development are4 linked People have access to learning opportunities over a lifetime Table 2: Characteristics of Traditional and Lifelong Learning Models

Globalization and Curriculum Design: Some Major Underlying Values Multiculturalism and internationalization in university education willingness to think globally and inclusively awareness of local implications for international communities self-awareness awareness of professionalism in both global and local perspectives values of cultural diversity ability of understanding other cultures

Globalization and Major Curriculum Changes Structural Change in Promoting Curriculum Reforms Connection with the outside world at the college level Breaking down the rigid hierarchies inside the school/university Moving from 3 Year to 4 Year Undergraduate Degree Programme

Globalization and Major Curriculum Changes Classroom Dynamics A globalized and inclusive learning environment The use of technology and transformation of the forms of instruction

Strategies to internationalize Curriculum in Hong Kong and Asia The Faculty of Social Sciences, HKU Nurturing Caring Leaders with Global Vision Theme Concepts: Social Innovation & Global Citizenship Engaging students in internship / civic engagement programme & international exchange or out-of-HK internship

Strategies to internationalize Curriculum in Hong Kong and Asia Recruiting international students Promoting more international student exchanges Collaborating with overseas institutions for research and teaching Promoting more co-curricular activities Promoting Whole Person Development

3 Campus Comparative East Asian Studies Programme Keio University (Japan), University of Hong Kong (HK) & Yonsei University (S Korea) 18 students will study together for 1 year Students will be able to take a local language course A completion certificate will be awarded at the end of the programme Orientation will be provided upon arrival at the host institution Students will continue to pay their usual tuition fees to home universities

Setting out International Platform for International Students at HKU Asia as a Global Future Summer Institute (Undergraduate Students) Social Sciences Research Summer School (Postgraduate Students) Conceiving more international joint- programmes with overseas partners in the UK and the USA

Strategies to internationalize Curriculum in Hong Kong and Asia Promoting international student exchange in China, Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea and Japan Recruiting more international students and international faculty members Growing popularity of international Summer Schools in Asia

Globalization and the Curriculum Reforms: Critical Reflections A dilemma between homogeneity and heterogeneity in the globalization discourse To what extent the curriculum design should be guided / driven by the globalization agendas / tides? How to merge local traditions and influences with global trends through a process of glocalization?

Conclusion Whether the global trends of curriculum changes have promoted more diversity or limited choices in curriculum design Be sensitive about the cultural and social differences embedded in different education systems and proper contextualization is needed during the processes of policy learning