Matter & Materials Processing NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

 When we combine materials, we make new materials  These are generally very different to how they started out separately as raw or natural materials  There are different ways to process materials  There are also numerous reasons why we would want to process materials  What we want to produce obviously influences what type of materials we will use!  NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

Can you think of different situations where we would want to process materials?  FOOD – baking a cake (eggs, flour, butter, sugar, etc.)  BUILDING – making cement, bricks etc.  FUNCTIONALITY – making clay pots  ART – plaster of Paris articles NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

 Whenever we make something, it is important to get the mixture right  When we combine materials, their different properties work together differently JUST THINK OF A CAKE! NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

New materials that are formed from mixing different types of materials together are called MIXTURES NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

Materials that have not yet been processed but that are still in their natural state (in other words how we found them) are called RAW MATERIALS  WATER  SUGAR CANE  IRON  GOLD NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

When we combine different materials we then have PROCESSED MATERIALS An example of this is STAINLESS STEEL  Stainless Steel is made from combining iron with other metals to make a material that does not rust  E.g. some types of taps, cooking pots and doctors’ instruments NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

MATERIALS:  Flour  Water  2 bowls for the flour and water  A bowl for mixing  Pieces of paper NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

What do you think will happen when we mix water and flour together?*  Examine the properties of the flour and water before we mix them together. Describe the properties of the flour and water. What do you think will happen when we mix them together?  Now experiment with mixing different quantities of water and flour together to make a sticky paste.  See if you can stick pieces of paper together using the glue that you have made  Group Conclusion NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

 What did you learn from doing this activity?  What was important when you mixed the flour and water together?  Getting the mixture to be the right thickness! NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

MATERIALS:  A packet of jelly powder  A bowl  A cup for measuring  Hot and cold water (you may need a kettle as well)  A spoon for mixing NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

 Mix all the ingredients together by following the instructions on the jelly packet  Leave your jelly to set in a fridge ENJOY IT! NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

 What does the jelly look like when it is ready?  Does jelly have glue in it? (No - it has an ingredient called gelatine that helps it to stick together. Gelatine is an important ingredient. Without it, the jelly would not set)  What did you learn about mixing materials from making jelly? - The jelly powder dissolved when it was mixed with the water - The colour of the water changed - The jelly became stiff when it cooled down NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

MATERIALS:  Clay  Water If you want to make professional pots you will need a pottery wheel and a kiln ( a large oven for dying and baking pottery) NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

 To reinforce something means to make it stronger  When we mix certain materials we sometimes add in another material to make it stronger  E.g. when making cement or concrete, builders sometimes add in pebbles (small stones) NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

Thunderbolt Kids _smaller.pdf NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5