1 Wrap Up: Human System Risk Management for Human Space Flight Judith L. Robinson, Ph.D. AsMA/Human System Integration for Space Flight May 5, 2009 National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2 Human System Risk Management Process Human System Risk Board established May 2008 –Venue for comprehensive discussion and integration across all human system elements –Evidence based, multi-discipline information and data are presented –Evidence based data and information are used to define existing gaps requiring research and technology development establish and validate new standards informs and updates existing standards Human System Risk Master List –captures all of the currently identified human system risks and potential risks –provides a comprehensive description of all human system risks; essential for NASA Chief Medical Officer –Human Research risks, environmental risks, human factors/habitability risks and clinical risks are subsets Risk Management Analysis Tool (RMAT) –captures the detailed information for each Human System risk (including evidence base) –facilitates understanding of the respective risks; contributing factors; and the mitigation strategies –allows comparison of standards, requirements, and mitigation strategies against mission architectures Transportation to the International Space Station (ISS) ISS 6 month duration 1 year duration Lunar < 1 month duration 6 months duration Mars 30 months

Evidence Base Analysis Data Collection: Performance, Medical, Research, Terrestrial Evidence Base Analysis Data Collection: Performance, Medical, Research, Terrestrial Evidence Base Data & info exchange ( Med., Research, Hab; Ops) Space Flight Human System Standards Medical, Habitability, Environment Definition & Description of Human Health or Performance Risk via RMAT RequirementsOperational Experience Human System Risk Management The Human System is managed through a common approach for risk management & integration across all aspects of the human system. + Transition to Operations Feedback/Actions To Inform Risk Management HSRB: Rebalance Portfolio Resolve a gap Retire a risk Add/modify a risk

4 Understanding Human Health and Performance Risks in Context The human system operational environment in which the risk and mitigation strategy exist must remain a principal driving function Essential and beneficial to consider Human Health and Performance risks in context –link the risk to a precipitating spacecraft or space environment condition or event –understand how condition/event poses a threat or creates a Human Health and Performance issue 3 categories of Human System threats or issues 1.exposure to hyper-gravity or hypo-gravity environments 2.remote deployment in space 3.exposure to hazardous and closed environments. “Parent threats/issues” impact Human Health and Performance –potentially cause physiological changes –cause or contribute to medical events –provide environmental exposures (e.g. Radiation) –require appropriate considerations/countermeasures because of closed loop life support systems (air and water) –require design of space habitats and vehicles and associated habitability systems to be appropriate for long duration missions

5 Establishing Context for Human System Risks