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GIVING USA 2011 The Annual Report on Philanthropy for the Year 2010

Giving USA 2011 is published by the Giving USA Foundation™ and has been researched and written by

Overview What is Giving USA? Sources of giving Types of recipients Rates of change Trends in total giving Trends in sources of giving Trends in types of recipients Trends in number of nonprofit organizations Trends in volunteering

What is Giving USA? Most comprehensive annual report about U.S. charitable giving. Estimates for: —Sources of giving; —Amounts received by type of organization. Published by the Giving USA Foundation™. Started in 1956 by the American Association of Fundraising Counsel, now Giving Institute: Leading Consultants to Nonprofits. Made possible by contributions from many.

2010 charitable giving Total = $ billion

Sources of Contributions, 2010 Total giving = $ billion. Increase of 3.8 percent (2.1 percent adjusted for inflation). Individuals remain the single most important source. Individuals + charitable bequests = 81 percent of total. Foundation grantmaking = 14 percent of the total. —About three-fifths of independent foundation giving is from family foundations. Individual + Bequest + Family Foundations = 87 percent. Corporate giving is an estimated 5 percent of the total.

Types of recipients of contributions, 2010 Total = $ billion

Types of recipients of contributions, 2010 Religion remains the largest single recipient at 35 percent of total. After religion, next highest categories are: —Education 14 percent —Foundations 11 percent —Human services 9 percent Estimates grounded in data submitted by organizations to national agencies. —Revisions made when new data available. Unallocated includes gifts to government agencies, public schools (public school foundations are included), or new charities; grants to organizations in other countries; and differences in fiscal year.

Changes in giving by source Current $

Total up 3.8 percent in Increase attributable to modest economic recovery. Individual giving up by 2.7 percent from Charitable bequests rose an estimated 18.8 percent in 2010 after a very large decrease (38.7 percent) in Foundation grantmaking decreased an estimated 0.2 percent in Corporate giving increased an estimated 10.6 percent in 2010, attributable to large in-kind contributions and increased corporate profitability. —Includes grantmaking by corporate foundations.

Changes in giving by source Inflation-adjusted $

Giving rose in 2010 by 2.1 percent, adjusted for inflation. While a positive sign, it is sobering to think that at this rate of increase, it will take five to six years for giving to return to pre-recession levels, adjusted for inflation. Individual giving rose in 2010 by 1.1 percent, adjusted for inflation. Charitable bequests rose 16.9 percent adjusted for inflation in 2010, after decreasing in 2009 according to IRS records. Foundation giving fell 1.8 percent in 2010, adjusted for inflation. Corporate giving increased 8.8 percent in 2010, adjusted for inflation.

Changes in giving by recipient organization Current $

Estimated giving in current dollars held steady or increased modestly in all subsectors except international affairs, which saw a large increase, and environment/animals, which saw a slight decrease. Giving USA estimates growth in giving by: International affairs 15.3 percent Public/society benefit 6.2 percent Arts, culture, and humanities 5.7 percent Education 5.2 percent Giving to foundations 1.9 percent Health1.3 percent The following subsectors remained steady or declined slightly: Religion0.8 percent Human services0.1 percent Environment/animals-0.7 percent Changes in giving by recipient organization Current $

Changes in giving by recipient organization, inflation-adjusted $

Inflation adjustment uses Consumer Price Index. When 2010 = $100, then 2009 = $ Adjusted for inflation, the following subsectors saw growth: International affairs 13.5 percent Public/society benefit 4.5 percent Arts, culture, and humanities 4.1 percent Education 3.5 percent The following subsectors remained steady or declined slightly, adjusted for inflation: Giving to foundations 0.2 percent Health -0.3 percent Religion-0.8 percent Human services-1.5 percent Environment/animals -2.3 percent

Total giving, 1970–2010

Total giving increased in current dollars every year but three since recording began. —2008 and 2009; and —1987, when 1986 tax law change led some to “give early” to maximize the tax benefit of giving. Giving grows more slowly—or declines adjusted for inflation— in recession years. In 2008, total giving fell 7.0 percent adjusted for inflation. This is the worst result on record; 2009 follows with a decline in total giving of 6.2 percent, adjusted for inflation. 2010’s inflation-adjusted increase of 2.1 percent is promising but does little to address the overall drop of approximately 13 percent in giving (adjusted for inflation) over the years of the current recession. History suggests giving will increase as the economy improves. Total giving, 1970–2010

Data are rounded. Total giving as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product, 1970–2010

For 2010, giving is an estimated 2.0 percent of GDP. Giving has remained 2.0 percent or more of GDP since Giving was at or above 2.0 percent of GDP from 1956 through It declined below 2.0 percent in 1973 and stayed below that threshold until Total giving as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product, 1970–2010

The number of 501(c)(3) organizations 2001–2010

The number of organizations continues to increase. However, not all organizations register with the IRS. Some register only at the state level; many grassroots organizations do not register at all. Tax-exempt nonprofit organizations are required to register with the IRS (Form 1023) within 90 days of the end of the first calendar year in which they have total revenue of $5,000 or more. The number of 501(c)(3) organizations 2001–2010

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