Standardization process of the FBS: Examples of various commodities James Geehan, Statistician, FAO Rome

Recap: Standardization A typical Supply Utilization Account can contain information for up to 1,500 commodities. While this is useful for a comprehensive picture of the a country’s food supply, the amount of data is unmanageable and difficult for practitioners and policy makers to analyse. The solution is to reduce the list of commodities captured within the SUA to a shorter, standardized, commodity list and presented in Food Balance Sheet format. Standardization is the process of converting original quantities in the SUA back into their primary commodity equivalent For example, flour of wheat back into the equivalent wheat quantity; or skimmed cow milk back into the equivalent whole cow milk quantity.

Supply Utilization Accounts (1,500+ commodities) Standardization of commodities Food Balance Sheets (Approx. 100 primary commodities)

Standardization example – 3 commodity groups: Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk

Step 1: Reduce the list to the originating commodities. Sum the calorie and nutrient values of derived and origin commodities. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk

Step 2: The Input to derived commodities are subtracted from Processing in the origin commodity. Production of derived commodities is not converted back, to avoid double counting. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk

Step 3: For all other SUA elements in derived commodities, quantities are converted back to their origin commodity using the reciprocal of the extraction rate. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk

Step 3: For all other SUA elements in derived commodities, quantities are converted back to their origin commodity using the reciprocal of the extraction rate. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk Example: Imports of Flour of Wheat soft back to Wheat soft Extr. rate of Wheat soft to Flour of Wheat soft = 80% Reciprocal = 1 / 0.8 = 1.25 Imports of Flour of wheat soft = 45 * 1.25 = 56 Imports of Wheat soft = 400 Total import of Wheat soft (including derived commodities) = 456

Step 3: For all other SUA elements in derived commodities, quantities are converted back to their origin commodity using the reciprocal of the extraction rate. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk Example: Imports of Flour of Wheat soft back to Wheat soft Extr. rate of Wheat soft to Flour of Wheat soft = 80% Reciprocal = 1 / 0.8 = 1.25 Imports of Flour of wheat soft = 45 * 1.25 = 56 Imports of Wheat soft = 400 Total import of Wheat soft (including derived commodities) = 456

Step 3: For all other SUA elements in derived commodities, quantities are converted back to their origin commodity using the reciprocal of the extraction rate. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk Example: Feed of Skimmed cow milk back to Cow milk whole Extr. rate of Cow milk whole to Skimmed cow milk = 96% Reciprocal = 1 / 0.96 = 1.04 Feed of Skimmed cow milk = 36 * 1.04 = 38 Feed of Cow milk whole = 0 Total Feed of Cow milk (including derived commodities) = 38

Step 3: For all other SUA elements in derived commodities, quantities are converted back to their origin commodity using the reciprocal of the extraction rate. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk Example: Feed of Skimmed cow milk back to Cow milk whole Extr. rate of Cow milk whole to Skimmed cow milk = 96% Reciprocal = 1 / 0.96 = 1.04 Feed of Skimmed cow milk = 36 * 1.04 = 38 Feed of Cow milk whole = 0 Total Feed of Cow milk (including derived commodities) = 38

Step 3: For all other SUA elements in derived commodities, quantities are converted back to their origin commodity using the reciprocal of the extraction rate. Standardization example – Wheat, Other Cereals, and Milk Example: Imports of Flour of Other cereals back to Other cereals Extr. rate of Other cereals to Flour of Other cereals = 80% Reciprocal = 1 / 0.80 = 1.25 Imports of Flour of other cereals = 35 * 1.25 = 44 Imports of Other cereals = 0 Total import of Other cereals (including derived commodities) = 44

Food Balance Sheet example

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