Baltimore Polytechnic Institute March 5, 2015 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green

The students will be able to evaluate the impact of progressivism on the size and scope of the federal government by describing the legislation that progressives sought during the Wilson administration.

Objectives: Students will: Discuss the key issues of the pivotal 1912 election and the basic principles of Wilsonian progressivism. Describe how Wilson successfully reformed the “triple wall of privilege.” State the basic features of Wilson’s moralistic foreign policy, and explain how, despite his intentions, it drew him into intervention in Mexico and elsewhere in Latin America. AP Focus A split in the Republican Party between supporters of Theodore Roosevelt and of President William Howard Taft gives the Democrats’ Woodrow Wilson's victory in the 1912 election. An idealist by nature and experience, President Wilson soon addresses some of the burning concerns of his time: the high protective tariff, the power of the trusts, and banking monopolies. He also uses his rhetorical skills and academic experience to convince the public and Congress that the plight of impoverished and exploited farmers and wage laborers must be addressed.

CHAPTER THEMES After winning a three-way election, focused on different theories of progressivism, Woodrow Wilson successfully pushed through a sweeping program of domestic economic and social reform in his first term. Wilson’s attempt to promote an idealistic progressive foreign policy failed, as dangerous military involvements threatened Latin America, the North Atlantic, and Europe.

Quiz Friday March 6-covering 1898 to 1912 Presidential Election Charts due on Thursday Decade Chart 1900s/1910s due next week, but we have started them already

Democrats nominate Woodrow Wilson, Governor of New Jersey Republicans nominate William Howard Taft Bull Moose Party nominated T.R. T.R. and Taft ripped each other on the camp Roosevelt’s New Nationalism or Wilson’s New Freedom Roosevelt followed The Promise of American Life (1910)-consolidate trusts and unions with growth of regulatory agencies woman suffrage social welfare-minimum wage, social insurance

Wilson’s New Freedom favored small enterprise, entrepreneurship, free functioning of unregulated and un-monopolized markets Democrats shunned social welfare in favor of competition Fragment industrial combines Roosevelt was shot in Milwaukee and continued to give the speech he suspended his camp for 2 weeks

Wilson-435 electoral votes & 6,296,547 popular votes-41% of popular vote Roosevelt-88 electoral votes & 4,118,571 popular votes Taft-8 electoral votes & 3,486,720 Eugene V. Debs-no electoral votes & 900,672 Progressivism was the runaway winner

Wilson born in Virginia before the Civil War 1 st President since Zachary Taylor to become President from the seceded states Wilson sympathized with the Confederacy Considered a “phraseocrat” Would go to the people Difficult to work with in private-academic background may have caused this Black was black, wrong was wrong a strict ideologue

“The triple wall of privilege the tariff, the banks, and the trusts Called Congress in early 1913 to personally deliver his message on the tariff-State of the Union as we know today Underwood Tariff-substantial reduction in rates Income tax offset the revenue loss in tariffs-16 th amendment

Still using the Civil War National Banking Act Difficult to get money into cities other than NYC or Chicago Road to Reform 1. Senator Aldrich’s special commission of 1908-gigantic bank with numerous branches 2. Arsene Pujo-Democratic House member 3. Louis Brandeis Other People’s Money and How the Bankers Use It (1914) Wilson wanted a decentralized bank in government hands Federal Reserve Act regional reserve banks Federal Reserve Board Federal Reserve Notes issued by the Board

Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 root out unfair business practices unlawful competition, false advertising, mislabeling Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914 expanded the Sherman Anti-Trust Act outlawed price discrimination and interlocking directorates exempted unions and agricultural organizations

Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916-credit to farmers at low interest rates Warehouse Act of 1916-loans on the security of staple crops Roads and colleges Workingmen’s Compensation Act of 1916 federal civil service employees during times of disability Adamson Act-8hr day for railroad employees on trains in interstate commerce with OT Louis Brandeis-1916, 1 st person of Jewish descent on the U.S. Supreme Court

Accelerated segregation in federal bureaucracy Kept Black leaders out of his office Showed Birth of a Nation at the Whitehouse

Begin Reading 2 nd ½ of Chapter 29 page