Lecture 6: Computer Languages. Programming Environments (IDE) COS120 Software Development Using C++ AUBG, COS dept

2 Lecture Contents: t Programming environments. Integrated Development Environments (IDE) t MS Visual Studio t Code::Blocks t Borland C++ IDE t The C++ PL elements t The elements of Programming Style t Sample programs in C++

3 IDE MS Visual Studio

4 Intro to MS Visual C++ Creating Native Code Application To build a console application that will run without.NET framework, follow these steps: 1. Open Visual Studio. 2. On the Start Page, click New Project…. If the Start Page isn’t visible, Choose File, New, Project. 3. Select the Visual C++\Win32 from Installed Project Templates on the left and select Win32 Console Application Project type on the right. 4. Enter project name, for example ConsoleApplication1, project location, for example Q: drive and click OK. 5. Click Finish from the wizard that appears. The wizard generates the skeleton of an unmanaged C++ application. To build the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Build, Build Solution or press F7 To run the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Debug, Start Without Debugging or press Ctrl+F5

5 Intro to MS Visual C++ Creating Native Code Application Topic already introduced. For details see previous lecture.

6 Intro to MS Visual C++ Creating Managed Application To build a console application that will run within.NET framework, follow these steps: 1. Open Visual Studio.NET 2. On the Start Page, click New Project…. If the Start Page isn’t visible, Choose File, New, Project. 3. Select the Visual C++\CLR from Installed Project Templates on the left and select CLR Console Application Project type on the right. 4. Enter project name, for example ConsoleApplication1, project location, for example Q: drive and click OK. 5. The wizard generates the skeleton of a managed C++ application. To build the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Build, Build Solution or press F7 To run the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Debug, Start Without Debugging or press Ctrl+F5

7

8

9 IDE Bloodshed Dev-C++ (nowadays obsolete IDE) Code::Blocks IDE to be used as substitute

10 Intro to BloodShed Dev C++ How to compile and execute C++ console applications? Open Bloodshed Dev C On the Start Page, click New Project. If Start Page not visible, Choose File, New, Project. 2. Click Basic tab if not opened and select Console Application. 3. Type project name, for example ConsoleApplication1, select C++ project type, click OK. 4. Select project location, for example Q: drive, rename the default project.dev file name (not recommended) and click Save. The wizard opens text editor pane with generated skeleton of C++ application. To build the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Execute, Compile or press Ctrl+F9 To run the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Execute, Run or press Ctrl+F10

11 IDE Code::Blocks

12 Intro to Code::Blocks IDE How to compile and execute C++ console applications? Open Code::Blocks 1. On the Start Page, click Create New Project. OR Choose File, New, Project. 2. Project template box opens. Select Console Application. Click Go. 3. Select C++ as a language that you want to use. Click Next. 4. Type project title, for example ConsoleApplication1. Select project location, for example Q: drive, rename the default project.cbp file name (not recommended) and click Next. 5. Compiler selection box opens. Click Finish. The wizard opens text editor pane with generated skeleton of C++ application. To build the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Build, Build or press Ctrl+F9 To run the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Build, Run or press Ctrl+F10 To build and run the project, follow these steps: 1. Choose Build, Build and Run or press F9

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23 IDE Borland C++ (nowadays obsolete IDE) MS Visual Studio or Code::Blocks IDE to be used as substitute

24 Intro to Borland C++ How to compile and execute C++ applications? Click Start from Task bar, Select Run… and click on it Enter cmd command and click OK or press Enter to open an MSDOS window Change current device to Q: drive and call command H:\borlandc\bin\bc.exe Press F10 >> Options >> Directories. Check Drive letter for Include and Library directories to be H, Drive letter for output and source directory to be Q Press F10 >> File >> New, enter the source text of your program Press F10 >> Save As… to name and save your program as a source file (.cpp). Press F10 >> Compile >> Compile (or Alt+F9) and look at the compiler messages. In case of errors and/or warnings, you should edit and recompile your source text until “0 warnings, 0 errors, Success” is displayed Press F10 >> Run >> Run (or Ctrl+F9) to run your program.

25

26 C++ programs topics t Compiler (preprocessor) directives; t Names: reserved words (keywords), standard defined and user defined identifiers; t Variable declarations and data types; t Executable statements; t General structure of a C++ program; compiler (preprocessor) directives using namespace std; int main() { definition (declaration) statements executable statements }

27 Elements of programming style t Spaces in a program; t Using comments; t Mnemonic identifiers; t Arithmetic expressions. Rules for expressions evaluation: –Parentheses rule – (sub expressions) first; –Precedence rule – highest priority first; –Association rule – left or right associative operators.

28 input/output manipulators t I/O manipulators are used to control and modify data that is extracted from input stream or inserted to output stream. t I/O manipulators are active after including the following header files: #include

29 Input/output manipulators t endlInserts the newline character into an output stream. t setw(n)Controls the width of an output field. t dec, hex, octControls the numeric system base (10, 16, 8) used to display values. t fixed, scientificCauses real numbers to display in decimal or in scientific notation. t showpointEnsures decimal point and trailing zeros if necessary always to appear. t setprecision(n)Sets the precision to n decimal places. t left, rightLeft-adjust or right-adjust output in field.

30 Previous lecture reminder Title: A Tutorial Introduction to C/C++ Source: Friedman/Koffman, Chapter 02 Have a quick look at next slide to refresh your knowledge on previous lecture

Overview of C++ Open to read slides 5-64 from Lecture 5 COS120lec5_VisualC.ppt

32 Exercise 6.1 Build and run all programs from lecture 5: To compute and display the volume of a pool; To add, subtract, multiply and divide two numeric values; To convert Celsius degrees to Fahrenheit degrees Fahr = 9./5.*Cel+32 To convert Fahrenheit degrees to Celsius degrees Cel = 5./9.*(Fahr-32) To convert meters to feet and inches;

33 Exercise 6.2 Build and run a program: To convert miles to kilometers

34 Exercise 6.3 Build and run a program: To find the value of coins (quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies) in dollars/cents.

35 Homework 1 t Paper record to be presented before the end of next class t Tasks: –See.doc file.

36 Before lecture end Lecture: Computer Languages. Programming environments (IDE) More to read: Friedman/Koffman, Chapter 02

37 Thank You For Your Attention