Upgrades Week – November 2011  Goals for the November Upgrade week  Schedule for Phase I  Work towards TP for Phase II November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades1

CMS Upgrade Weeks  This is the 12 th CMS Upgrade “event”  Started with Upgrade Workshops  First in Feb 2004  We have held two previous workshops at FNAL (2008,2009)  These have been very successful as workshops  Lots of opportunity for discussion  Away from CERN we tend to allocate more time for discussion November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades2

Reminder: CMS Upgrade Scope 3 System Pixel New Pixel Detector Tracker New Tracking System (incl Pixel) HCAL Back End Electronics + PD replacement HF/HE? ECAL Trigger Primitive TransmissionEE? Muons ME4/2, ME1/1,RPC endcap, Minicrate spares, some CSC Electronics Electronics replacement Trigger HCAL/RCT/GCT to  TCA Complete replacement

CMS Upgrades Project Status:  We have been focused on producing the Technical Proposal for the first decade of operation  Now this part of the project is moving into construction  We need to begin to prepare a technical proposal for the second decade of operation  Increase R&D  Take some strategic decisions 20 September 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades4

CSC Factory Gluing Windin g CSC assembly Wire soldering Component soldering B904 hall

Assembly and installation trial test of one 10 degree sector happened this week RPC Assembly/Installation

New CMS central beampipe Issues: Impedance, HOM etc: shape OK Vacuum stability: static OK, dynamic to do Support collar on cone at 1630 mm: OK Aperture: OK! see today’s presentations. Materials and Construction: work to do: Cones >1948 machined from Be or AlBe Considering replacing SS conical section (up to bellows junction with Endcap pipe at 3.12m) with AlBe. AlBe to Be braise to be studied Lighter pipe, as strong, reduces sag, activation and backgrounds, eliminates transition piece CMS E & I, for C. Schaefer support

3 Disks Port Cards and POH End Flange Space for End Electronics DC-DC converters Pipes and Cables CO2 capillary cooling tubes and flex cables Service Cylinder Pixel Upgrade FPIX Service Cylinder Layout of CO 2 cooling loops is reconsidered  each loop goes through DC-DC and Port Cards & POH’s  new loop layout with new pressure drops Pixel Opto-Hybrids (readout)  detailed engineering now

9 Pixel Upgrade FPIX half-disk  FPIX module 16 pixel ROC  Each blade has 2 modules  Half disk: - inner: 11 blades - outer : 17 blades - independent mount to service cylinder  allows independent removal FPIX blade Outer Assembly Mounts X3 Inner Assembly Mounts X3 SS Tubing Coupling X6 9 new !

HCAL Upgrade SiPM Recent Results  Pixel dead-time issue solved in 15  Hamamatsu Device  99% cell recovery after 15ns  Dynamic range limitations overcome using large area SiPMs  22k pixels per readout channel  4 optically-mixed tile-fibers per SiPM  First results from new 15  Hamamatsu devices tested with Electro-Optical Decoding Units in H2 test beam at CERN in July are positive  Will proceed with establishing HPK as a baseline for the upgrade  Meanwhile continue to qualify other vendors, final choice by end of /9/11D. Baden10

 TCA: AMC13 &  HTR  HCAL Upgrade helped developed the CMS-wide Standard for microTCA control within Electronic Steering Group 9/9/11D. Baden11 U. Minnesota developed HCAL Trigger & Readout (  HTR) Completed 2 nd  TCA Prototype Fabricating  HTR in India Much FPGA integration

Calorimeter Trigger Designs 12 Several prototype uTCA trigger cards have been built and have been shown to work. Working demonstrators at the crate level exist also. Two calorimeter trigger architectures are under consideration. We have organised a review for the two Calorimeter Trigger architectures. The aim of the review is: 1. to select the architecture which best serves CMS for the next decade. 2.Produce a plan for the two relevant groups (Wisconsin-Imperial) to work together towards the final design.

ECAL–Trigger Interface - OptoSLB 13  Converts ECAL copper signals to 4.8 GBps optical and allows to keep using the current ECAL Trigger electronics after  Bought 4 optical devices for evaluation.  Design effort for the card has started.  First prototypes have been promised late in 2011 early  Production should start in 2012.

Goals for the November Upgrade Week  Refine phase I schedule  Tasks for each of the projects given as homework before the workshop  Use the workshop to refine these schedules, and to look at the dependencies between systems  Come out of the workshop with the start of an overall project schedule  To be refined and maintained as we move forward November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades14

Project Breakdown  Define the appropriate high level project tasks  (eg – Front end electronics, cooling…)  We will use these tasks as the units for reporting and tracking the progress on the project  This was very successful during the build of CMS  Important to break the project down in an appropriate way  This certainly depends on the project, so no top down overall requirement for the shape of these November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades15

Milestones  Define a set of milestones for each of the project tasks  Examples  Prototypes ready,  TDR ready (the LHCC are waiting for these…),  production review,  Commissioning  Declare them (at a defined level) to the upgrade project  Discuss how we will monitor and present them November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades16

Dependencies between projects  Look at Links to other projects, and the machine schedule and how they affect the milestones  Take into account links between projects  Take into account possible shutdowns now being considered i.e. TS or LS2 installations  We would like everyone to take the latest “official” schedule for the machine as the basis for when the shutdowns could be  Allow for the possibility of an extended Technical Stop before LS2 November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades17

Longer Term Planning – Sept LHCC November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades18 Not yet approved!

Costs  Cost profile  Look at potential spending profiles for the project  Look at impact on delivery  Realistic assessment of arrival of funding November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades19

Goals for November workshop - Phase II  Develop a plan for proceeding with the phase II project  We will need to produce a technical proposal for phase II (CMS2) on the timescale of around 2014  We need to take strategic decisions which will shape the future CMS detector  These decisions need to be taken by CMS as a whole with the goal of producing the best instrument for physics measurement at a high luminosity LHC  Proposal: Create a CMS2 project review group  High level strategy group  Not based in sub-detector  Reports to Upgrade Management, and ultimately to the CB November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades20

Reminder: CMS Upgrade Scope 21 System Pixel New Pixel Detector Tracker New Tracking System (incl Pixel) HCAL Back End Electronics + PD replacement HF/HE? ECAL Trigger Primitive TransmissionEE? Muons ME4/2, ME1/1,RPC endcap, Minicrate spares, some CSC Electronics Electronics replacement Trigger HCAL/RCT/GCT to  TCA Complete replacement

High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC)  Goals for the High Luminosity Running after the third technical stop  Integrated Luminosity 3000/fb  This to be collected at up to 300/fb-yr  Detectors need to cope with high pile-up  Up to an order of magnitude greater than what we are seeing now  Detectors need to cope with high radiation  Up to an order of magnitude greater than we expected for LHC operation November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades22

Detector Challenges CMS from LHC to SLHC 9 March 2011J. Nash CMS Upgrade Plans cm -2 s The tracker is the key detector which will require upgrading for SLHC Phase 2

Level 1 Trigger  The trigger/daq system of CMS will require an upgrade to cope with the higher occupancies and data rates at HL-LHC  One of the key issues for CMS is the requirement to include some element of tracking in the Level 1 Trigger  One example: There may not be enough rejection power using the muon and calorimeter triggers to handle the higher luminosity conditions at HL-LHC  Adding tracking information at Level 1 gives the ability to adjust P T thresholds  Single electron trigger rate also suffers  Isolation criteria are insufficient to reduce rate at L = cm -2.s -1 9 March 2011J. Nash CMS Upgrade Plans24 Level 1 Trigger has no discrimination for P T > ~ 20 GeV/c

Phase II – the Big Projects  A completely new tracking system  Able to handle the very extreme environment  High pileup implies high occupancy and in some areas high radiation exposure  Able to participate in the Level 1 Trigger Decision  New Forward Calorimetry?  New Trigger/DAQ  New Electronics Systems November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades25 Search Window γ

Technical Proposal in 2014?  How long should we spend working on R&D  We have been conducting R&D since around 2006  At some point we need to make decisions about what directions we will take, and move from R&D phase to a proto- typing phase November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades26

Peter Sharp CERN CMS Electronics LHCC Meeting March 2004

Time needed for Phase II R&D  There were about 10 years of R&D for the initial build of CMS  Followed by  2 years proto-typing  5 years production-install-commission  To get a new big detector ready by 2022 the timescale of 2014 for a TP just fits.  The detectors for phase II are the same scale as major sub- detectors were for the LHC, and technically more complex  We will need to ensure we are doing enough focused R&D to be ready to make designs and decisions. November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades28

Tracker Phase II R&D  Some of the earliest R&D was on how we could build a new tracking detector  This is an extremely challenging task, and will certainly have a major impact on our ability to do ANY physics in a High Luminosity Environment  R&D in the tracker project is progressing well, and the Tracker has prepared a phase II upgrade organization November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades29

Phase II R&D Activities/topicsOverall coordination: D. Abbaneo Module designStrip module design: A. Messineo Layout modellingPixellated module design: R. Lipton General integration issues Schedule, planning, priorities … Phase II R&D Activities/topicsOverall coordination: D. Abbaneo Module designStrip module design: A. Messineo Layout modellingPixellated module design: R. Lipton General integration issues Schedule, planning, priorities … Electronics Activities/topics Front-End ASICS Hybrids and interconnects Data links FE Driver and Controller Hardware Electronic System Architecture Test/commissioning hardware Coordination: F Vasey Electronics Activities/topics Front-End ASICS Hybrids and interconnects Data links FE Driver and Controller Hardware Electronic System Architecture Test/commissioning hardware Coordination: F Vasey Power distribution Activities/topics ASICS evaluation System development Integration and system tests Coordination: K. Klein Power distribution Activities/topics ASICS evaluation System development Integration and system tests Coordination: K. Klein Sensors Activities/topics HPK sensors Irradiations 3-d silicon Diamonds … Coordination: A. Dierlamm Sensors Activities/topics HPK sensors Irradiations 3-d silicon Diamonds … Coordination: A. Dierlamm Mechanics Activities/topics Qualification of materials 3d modelling Thermal modelling / lab tests Deformation analysis … Coordination: A. Onnela Mechanics Activities/topics Qualification of materials 3d modelling Thermal modelling / lab tests Deformation analysis … Coordination: A. Onnela Upgrade Steering Board CO 2 cooling Activities/topics Process qualification Modelling Components / system design Engineering of pixeI system … Coordination: H. Postema CO 2 cooling Activities/topics Process qualification Modelling Components / system design Engineering of pixeI system … Coordination: H. Postema Trigger simulations Beam tests Activities/topics Hardware development and maintenance Planning/running tests Coordination: P. Luukka, L. Spiegel Beam tests Activities/topics Hardware development and maintenance Planning/running tests Coordination: P. Luukka, L. Spiegel 2/17/11D. Abbaneo30

Tracker R&D – Pt Modules November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades31

Tracker R&D - Electronics November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades32

Tracker R&D - cooling November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades33

Tracking Trigger Task Force  Study how a Level 1 trigger could be built using the tracking detector as input  How many Pt modules needed for a Level 1 Trigger?  Where do these need to be placed?  At the first FNAL workshop we kicked off the work of this task force with some radical layouts to be studied in order to help answer some of these questions. November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades34

Tracking performance also studied November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades35

Studies of different layouts now well advanced November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades36

Forward Calorimetry task force  The second Task force has been asked to study calorimetry in the forward region  What are the requirements from physics for performance of the forward calorimetry system in the HL environment?  How will the current detectors perform in the HL environment?  How could a new system be constructed? November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades37

38 Schematic of Approach Find rad-hard technologies for calorimetry materials and photodetectors Perform simulations of these channels Test beam validations of detector components Choose final configuration of forward calorimetry based on physics/simulations plus pragmatic considerations such as cost, feasibility of construction and schedule Important physics channels indicated by real data and theory

39 Effect of Radiation Damage On  /  Jet Position

40 Effect of EM + Hadronic Radiation Damage and In-Time Pileup on Z  ee Events Mass Spectrum Each run has 10K MC events. The relative heights of each signal peak indicates The relative efficiencies for finding the ee

41 Comparison of SiPMs and Ga based PMs vs dose rate Question: what is this picture look like for protons

Upgrade Workshop Outline Mon 7 November AM – Plenary Update of The CERN plan Upgrade Project schedule issues Planning for phase II Physics/computing presentation PM – Parallel Tue 8 November AM – Task Forces Track Trigger Task Force Forward Calorimeter Task Force PM - Parallel Wed 9 November Grand Unified Cal/Trigger Schedule meeting AM - parallel Trigger – Muons – Calorimeter Parallel PM Plenary talks – technical progress Project Office Thu 10 November Plenary summaries – schedules and issues Muons HCAL Trigger Pixel Task Force Summaries Task Force TT Task Force FwdCal November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades42

Plenary Sessions – Sub-detector contributions  Wednesday afternoon  Technical progress on the upgrades  Thursday morning  Schedule/Milestones as developed at the meeting  Flagging up potential problems issues, outstanding questions and any lurking potential “showstoppers”  Pixel Sensors  CSC Panels  HCAL SiPm/Front Ends  Commissioning of the trigger November 2011J. Nash - CMS Upgrades43