Cells Part III Cells III. Cell Theory 1. The cell is the smallest unit of life. 2. All organisms are made from one or more cells. 3. Cells arise from.

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Presentation transcript:

Cells Part III Cells III

Cell Theory 1. The cell is the smallest unit of life. 2. All organisms are made from one or more cells. 3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells. Schleiden & Schwann

All cells have:  Cell membrane  Surrounds, contains, protects  Cytoplasm  “Cell gel” fills interior of cell  Ribosomes  Help make proteins for cells  DNA  Contains instructions for cell

As you study cell parts:  What does it look like?  What is its function?  What other organelles does it work with?  How does the structure of this organelle allow it to do its job?  Is it in animals? Plants? Both?

Animal Cell

Plant Cells

Plant Cell

Plants have specialized organelles not found in animal cells:  Rigid cell wall: support  Chloroplasts: capture energy from sun  Large vacuole: storage (water, sugars)

Chloroplast: Use sunlight to make sugars Photosynthesis

Chloroplasts

Plant Cell Vacuole: Stores water and food

Plant Cell Walls: Support and Protection

A few examples of specialized cells from complex organisms

Elodea (400 X) - photosynthesize

Dividing Onion Root Tip with DNA visible as cluster

Neuron

Heart muscle cells beat > 5 billion times in a lifetime!

Egg cell surrounded by sperm

2-cell embryo - first division after fertilization (This one will become a sea urchin)

Red Blood Cell: specialized to transport oxygen to other cells

White Blood Cell: Protects the body from Invaders

Great sites for cell biology:   gin/cells/ gin/cells/

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