Evolution of Human Societies Paleolithic Era:Neolithic Era: Civilization:

What Makes a Civilization?

What is a Civilization? An advanced state of human society

What Makes a Civilization? Means of subsistence (example: farming) Government (laws, decision makers, etc.) Written language/records Job Specialization Social Classes (upper-class, middle- class, lower-class) Economics (trading, bartering, monetary exchanges) Education/Technology Religion

The FRAME Key Topic is about... Details Main Idea Details Main Idea - - Details Main Idea Details Main Idea Cradles of Civilization 1)Where were the earliest civilizations located? 2)Why did early civilizations form around river valleys?

The FRAME Key Topic is about... Details Main Idea ____________ Details Main Idea ____________ Details Main Idea ____________ Details Main Idea ____________ Cradles of Civilization Where were the earliest civilizations located and what characteristics do they all share Early Civilizations B.CE 1)Where were the earliest civilizations located? 2)Why did early civilizations form around river valleys?

River Valley Civilizations ( B.C.E) Mesopotamia: Tigris and Euphrates River Valley (SW Asia) Egypt: Nile River Valley (Africa)

River Valley Civilizations ( B.C.E) India: Indus River Valley and Ganges (South Asia) China: Huang He Valley (East Asia)

Meso: Euphrates and Tigris China: Huang He India: Indus and Ganges River Egypt: Nile River

Egypt Nile River Meso: Euphrates and Tigris Rivers India: Indus and Ganges River China: Huang He

The FRAME Key Topic is about... Details Main Idea Mesopotamian Civ: Tigris and Euphrates Egypt: Nile India: Indus and Ganges China: Huang He Details Main Idea ____________ Details Main Idea ____________ Details Main Idea ____________ Cradles of Civilization 1)Why did early civilizations form around river valleys? 2)Where were the earliest civilizations located? Where were the earliest civilizations located and what characteristics do they all share Early Civilizations B.CE Social Patterns

Hereditary Rulers: people were born into royalty – Dynasties of kings; pharaohs Rigid Class System – People are born into social classes – Slavery was accepted

The FRAME Key Topic is about... Details Main Idea Mesopotamian Civ: Tigris and Euphrates Egypt: Nile India: Indus and Ganges China: Huang He Details Main Idea Hereditary rulers: people are born into royalty - Dynasties of kings and pharaohs Rigid class system -Determined at birth Details Main Idea ____________ Details Main Idea ____________ Cradles of Civilization 1)Why did early civilizations form around river valleys? 2)Where were the earliest civilizations located? Where were the earliest civilizations located and what characteristics do they all share Early Civilizations B.CE Social Patterns Political Patterns

Written laws – Examples: Ten Commandments; Hammurabi’s Code Centralized government: based on religious authority First states (city-states; kingdoms; empires)

The FRAME Key Topic is about... Details Main Idea Mesopotamian Civ: Tigris and Euphrates Egypt: Nile India: Indus and Ganges China: Huang He Details Main Idea Hereditary rulers: people are born into royalty - Dynasties of kings and pharaohs Rigid class system -Determined at birth Details Main Idea Written law codes: 10 Commandments, Hammurabi’s Code Centralized Government: Based on Religious authority First states (city- states, kingdoms, empires) Details Main Idea ____________ Cradles of Civilization 1)Why did early civilizations form around river valleys? 2)Where were the earliest civilizations located? Where were the earliest civilizations located and what characteristics do they all share Early Civilizations B.CE Social Patterns Political Patterns Economic Patterns

Use of metal tools and weapons Agricultural surplus: better tools, irrigation, slavery Trade along rivers and by sea Development of first cities

The FRAME Key Topic is about... Details Main Idea Mesopotamian Civ: Tigris and Euphrates Egypt: Nile India: Indus and Ganges China: Huang He Details Main Idea Hereditary rulers: people are born into royalty - Dynasties of kings and pharaohs Rigid class system -Determined at birth Details Main Idea Written law codes: 10 Commandments, Hammurabi’s Code Centralized Government: Based on Religious authority First states (city- states, kingdoms, empires) Details Main Idea Metal tools and weapons Agricultural surplus: better tools, irrigation, slavery Trade along rives and seas Development of first cities Cradles of Civilization Where were the earliest civilizations located and what characteristics do they all share Early Civilizations B.CE Social Patterns Political Patterns Economic Patterns 1)Where were the earliest civilizations located? 2)Why did early civilizations form around river valleys?

Why did early civilizations form around river valley? 1.River valleys 2.Rich soil for agriculture and protection from invaders