SATELLITE-BASED MEASUREMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION: SUPPORTING SERVICE PROVISION Rosemary Munro

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 2 European Context: Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) The MACC-III project is the current pre-operational Copernicus Atmosphere Service. atmosphere.copernicus.eu

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 3 European Context: Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) atmosphere.copernicus.eu MACC-III /CAMS Services

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 4 Atmospheric Composition Services: Ozone Layer and UV Monitoring

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 5 Ozone Hole Monitoring Chemical Data Assimilation Atmospheric Composition Services: Ozone Layer and UV Monitoring – Ozone Layer

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 6 Monitoring Ozone Hole Extent Merged Satellite Time Series Atmospheric Composition Services: Ozone Layer and UV Monitoring – Ozone Layer

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 7 Atmospheric Composition Services: Ozone Layer and UV Monitoring – Surface UV Monitoring Surface UV radiation taking into account clouds and surface albedo taking assimilated ozone as input. Courtesy FMI Erythemal (CIE) daily dose [kJ/m2] on 12 May 2008 Surface UV radiation taking into account clouds and surface albedo taking assimilated ozone as input. Courtesy FMI

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 8 Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 9 Courtesy: Pinardi et al. BIRA GOME-2 FM3 Metop-A GOME-2 FM2 Metop-B Extracted from the operational validation report for GOME-2 Metop-B level 2 products: GOME-2 Metop-A data passively monitored by MACC-III Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition – NO 2

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 10 Courtesy: de Smedt et al. BIRA Hydrocarbons/VOC Ozone chemistry and aerosol formation GOME-2 FM2 Metop-B Extracted from the operational validation report for GOME-2 /Metop-B level 2 products: GOME-2 Metop-A data passively monitored by MACC-III Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition - HCHO

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 11 Volcanic ash mass loading and SO2 products from geostationary sounders under development SO2 over China – November 2007 Effusive eruption of Bárðarbunga – September 2014 Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition - Volcanic and anthropogenic SO 2 Volcanic and anthropogenic SO 2

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 12 NH 3 C2H4C2H4 CH 3 OH CO Courtesy P. Coheur Courtesy D. Hurtmans/ S. Turquety/ C. Clerbaux Greece, August 2007 Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition – Fire Monitoring

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 13 Credits: ULB/LATMOS EPS-SG IAS: CO profile, CO partial column, CH4 partial column, HNO3 partial column, NO2 total column, NH3 total column, O3 profile, O3 total column, SO2 total column Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition – Carbon Monoxide

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 14 Annual flash rate (in flashes / km² / year) over the Earth (MTG view), as derived from U.S. LIS (low-earth orbit) observations at 0.5° resolution Overlap with U.S. GOES-R Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) Atmospheric Composition Services : Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition – Global Lightning

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 15 Atmospheric Composition Services: Climate Forcing – Greenhouse Gases

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 16 Atmospheric Composition Services: Climate Forcing – Methane Metop IASI CH4 (&CO2) Two studies on-going with the scientific community for assessment for assessment of the feasibility of operational implementation of state of the art retrievals Artificial Neural Net, Crevoisier et al., LMD Optimal Estimation Method, Siddans et al., RAL EPS-SG IAS & Sentinel-5 CH4 products envisaged

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 17 Atmospheric Composition Services: Air Quality and Atmospheric Composition - Aerosol

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 18 PMAp AOD Metop B (June/July 2013)

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 19 PMAp aerosol events: Volcanic ash plume June 2014 AOD (PMAp) Volcanic ash flag (PMAp)

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 20 Atmospheric Composition Services: Emissions and Surface Fluxes – Fire Radiative Power

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 21 Global Picture Many other missions with contributions from (list not comprehensive): ●NASA (EOS-Aura, EOS-Terra, OCO-2, CALIPSO, TEMPO....) ●NOAA (Suomi-NPP, JPSS-1, -2, ) ●JAXA (GOSAT-1, GOSAT-2...) ●KARI (GEMS...) ●CSA (ACE-FTS, MAESTRO...) ●DLR (METImage, MERLIN...) ●CNES (IASI, PARASOL, MERLIN...)

(USGS) NASA Operating Missions |‌ 22

SMAP Oct 2014 w/CSA Soil Moist., Frz/Thaw ICESat Ice Dynamics OCO-2 July 1, 2014 Global CO 2 GRACE FO Aug 2017 w/Germany; Global Mass & Water Variation GPM Launched Feb. 27,2014 w/ JAXA; Precip CYGNSS 2016 Cyclone Generation SWOT Oct 2020 w/CNES; Sea surface & Fresh water height, slope SAGE III on ISS Mar 2016 Ozone & Trace Gases TEMPO 2019 Hosted Payload: Tropospheric pollution Near Term Mission Plans Source: S.Volz/ESD-Flight |‌ 23

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 24 SAGE III (2015) OCO-3 (2017) CATS (2014) HICO (2009) RapidSCAT (2014) ISERV (2012) LIS (2016) Earth |‌ 24

Atmospheric Composition Task Team on Observational Requirements, WMO, November 2014 Slide: 25 Global Picture Resources: ● ● ●