Cell Clock, Mitosis, & Cancer Chapter 8 (Do Ch 8 outlines & vocab!) Chapter 12 in Campbell text

Cell Clock Definition: How stem cells spend their time Definition: How stem cells spend their time G1, S, G2 = Interphase (growth, DNA synthesis, more growth) G1, S, G2 = Interphase (growth, DNA synthesis, more growth) Mitosis = cell division Mitosis = cell division G0 = specialized cells G0 = specialized cells

Mitosis Mitosis = cell division of autosomal cells; Meiosis = cell division of sex cells PMAT = prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase What happens at each stage? /mitosis.htm /mitosis.htm

Actual Cell Pictures of Mitosis Picture: Picture:  1: Prophase  2: Metaphase  3: Anaphase  4: Telophase Let’s do the MITOSIS DANCE! Let’s do the MITOSIS DANCE!

Cancer Every minute, ten million cells divide in the human body. Normally, cell division, accompanied by growth and specialized development, takes place in an orderly pattern. But when a cell becomes malignant, it acts in profoundly abnormal ways.

Cancer Development Cancer develops from a single cell that has undergone mutations in its DNA. Cancer develops from a single cell that has undergone mutations in its DNA. Instead of maturing normally and dying, cancerous cells reproduce without restraint. Instead of maturing normally and dying, cancerous cells reproduce without restraint. They never stop dividing, and they fail to mature. (Immortal) They never stop dividing, and they fail to mature. (Immortal)

Causes of Cancer Ultraviolet radiation Ultraviolet radiation X-rays X-rays Drugs, Smoking, and Alcohol Drugs, Smoking, and Alcohol Industrial chemicals Industrial chemicals Diet and obesity Diet and obesity Genetics and Heredity Genetics and Heredity Stress Stress Viruses Viruses

Smoking Attributable Risk Percent of Deaths (1991) Type of Cancer Male % Female % Oral92%61% Larynx81%87% Esophagus78%74% Lung90%79% Pancreas29%33% Kidney48%12% Bladder47%37% CervixN/A32%

Tobacco Tobacco is the single greatest cause of cancer worldwide (preventable!) Tobacco is the single greatest cause of cancer worldwide (preventable!) Many poisonous substances: 44 Carcinogens (hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, nicotine, strychnine, arsenic, benzenes, nitrous-amine compounds…) Many poisonous substances: 44 Carcinogens (hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, nicotine, strychnine, arsenic, benzenes, nitrous-amine compounds…) a/cigarette/nicotine.html a/cigarette/nicotine.html a/cigarette/nicotine.html a/cigarette/nicotine.html

Search for a Safer Cigarette? Elimination of tobacco is the single most important step to our winning the war against cancer. Let’s watch a video!