Atmosphere and Heating of the Earth

The gases that surround the Earth is called the atmosphere

How much of the Earth’s water is salty? 97%

The gases in the primitive atmosphere that were deadly were: methane and ammonia

About 4.5 billion years ago trapped gases within the Earth escaped through _____________. Volcanoes

The appearance of what gases allowed cyanobacteria to live and produce oxygen. Greenhouse gases

The most abundant gas in our atmosphere now is: Nitrogen

The percentage of oxygen in our present atmosphere is: 21%

Oxygen became an important part of our atmosphere after the emergence of: green plants

A meteorologist is a person who studies: weather

List the layers of the atmosphere from highest to lowest. Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere

The layer of the atmosphere that you live in is the: troposphere

Auroras are caused by chemically charged particles in this layer. Ionosphere

Ozone is a form of: oxygen

Oxygen is a waste product given off by plants. True or False Oxygen is a waste product given off by plants. True

As you walk up a mountain, the air gets: lighter and colder

Water boils on the Celsius scale at: 100°

Water freezes on the Celsius scale at: 0°

The sphere that contains rock and land is the lithosphere. True or False The sphere that contains rock and land is the lithosphere. True

The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another is called: conduction

The transfer of heat in gas or liquids is: convection

Weather occurs in this layer of the atmosphere. troposphere

Satellites orbit in the layer. exosphere

This is the coldest layer in the atmosphere. mesosphere

The ozone and jet stream are found in this layer. stratosphere

AM radio waves are bounced back to the Earth. ionosphere

Meteors burn up in this layer. mesosphere

As you go up in the troposphere, the temperature: decreases

As you go up in the stratosphere, the temperature: increases

As you go up in the thermosphere, the temperature: increases

As you go up in the mesosphere, the temperature: decreases

As you go up in the atmosphere, the air pressure: decreases

This gas is needed for growth of muscles, skin, and organs. nitrogen

This gas is taken in during photosynthesis to make oxygen and food. carbon dioxide

This gas makes up 21% of the present atmosphere. oxygen

This gas is needed for all weather on Earth. water vapor

When you dog Fido sits on your lap, his warmth is heating you by: conduction

Water boiling in a pot is heated primarily by: convection

The sun’s rays warm you by: radiation

A cow getting branded by a hot iron: conduction

Your feet get cold when you open the refrigerator. Convection

Warming up your pizza in the microwave. Radiation

Walking barefoot on the hot sand of the beach. Conduction

Energy transferred as electromagnetic waves. Radiation

The burning of fossil fuels Ozone or Greenhouse Effect The burning of fossil fuels Greenhouse Effect

Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Ice caps will melt Greenhouse Effect

Increased risk of skin cancer Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Increased risk of skin cancer Ozone

Planting a tree affects the Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Planting a tree affects the Greenhouse Effect

Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Humans releasing CFCs Ozone

Not using Styrofoam with CFCs Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Not using Styrofoam with CFCs Ozone

Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Cataracts Ozone

Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Keeps the Earth warm Greenhouse Effect

Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Cutting down trees Greenhouse Effect

Blocks the sun’s UV rays Ozone or Greenhouse Effect Blocks the sun’s UV rays Ozone

carbon dioxide and water vapor Ozone or Greenhouse Effect carbon dioxide and water vapor Greenhouse Effect

Lines of equal temperature are called: Isotherms

A high temperature means that particles are moving: very fast