1 Integration of Census and Surveys: Concepts related to Agricultural Holding Mukesh Kumar Srivastava FAO Statistics Division Roundtable, Samoa, March 2009

2 Integration Why? What do we mean by integration? How? Technical issues

3 Why? Cost-effective: Saves resources - financial and physical Avoids duplication in data collection efforts and inconsistent data Increases scope of analysis of data: multi- dimensional analysis (cross-sectoral) Possibilities of “One-stop-shop for data users” Greater use of data for policy making

4 Integration? Does not mean all data be collected in the same survey. It means: All efforts of data collection are well coordinated and are based on compatible and consistent concepts and statistical infrastructure in a manner that it minimizes the user need of ad hoc data collection and makes it possible to pool data from various sources

5 Integration: How? Sharing of cartographic material Integrated planning of all agricultural surveys: Survey calendar Integrated sampling design for surveys  Different agencies could implement surveys of their choice with a common framework of survey plan.

6 Issues to consider National Plan for data collection: Who will collect what data and when? Adoption of concepts, definition and classifications which are consistent with in the country and internationally cross-sectoral linkages and pooling e.g pooling of data from enterprise survey and household based surveys to get complete information on agricultural holdings.

7 Cocepts: Agriculture holding “An agricultural holding is an economic unit of agricultural production under single management comprising all livestock kept and all land used wholly or partly for agricultural production purposes, without regard to title, legal form, or size. Single management may be exercised by an individual or household, jointly by two or more individuals or households, by a clan or tribe, or by a juridical person such as a corporation, cooperative or government agency. The holding's land may consist of one or more parcels, located in one or more separate areas or in one or more territorial or administrative divisions, providing the parcels share the same production means, such as labour, farm buildings, machinery or draught animals.”

8 Concepts:Aqucaculture Holding Agriculture: Land and Livestock Aquaculture: – Plants and animals – inland, marine Important to keep a conceptual seperation between “agricultural holdings engaged in aquaculture” and purely “aquaculture holdings”

9 Concepts:Household Household: concept well defined in population census – dwelling unit, kitchen, living usually under same roof – Household may mange a holding or one or more households mange a holding – one household may have more than one holding and one holding may be managed by several households.

10 Integration with in agriculture: Approach for WCA 2010 Agricultural census/survey programme consists of: Census of Agriculture: provides basic structural data and sampling frames. Census to be done in modules: – core census module (complete enumeration):16 data items16 data items – census supplementary module(s) (sample enumeration):12 themes with 87 data items12 themes with 87 data items Thematic agricultural surveys: cover various ongoing and in-depth surveys to be undertaken after the agricultural census, using the agricultural census as a frame.  Community level data: 32 data items

11 An integrated agricultural census/survey programme Themes

12 WCA 2010: A flexible approach The modular approach provides a high degree of flexibility “mix-and match” For some countries the traditional single questionnaire, single round census will still be the preferred option For other countries a full agricultural census/survey programme will need to be developed

13 Census of Agriculture: items recommended (16) for core module identification/location of holding legal status of holding sex of holder age of holder household size main purpose of production area of holding according to land use types total area of holding land tenure types presence of irrigation presence of temporary crops by type presence of permanent crops by type and whether in compact plantation number of animals by livestock type presence of aquaculture presence of forest trees and other wooded land other economic activities

14 Agricultural census: recommended items for sample enumeration Land (7) Water (7) Crops (14) Livestock (11) Agricultural practices (6) Agricultural services (7) Demography (7) Farm labour (7) Household food security (6) Aquaculture (5) Forestry (4) Management of the holding (6) 87 proposed items under 12 main headings

15 THANK YOU

16 WCA 2010: Livestock Data Items Theme 04 – Livestock (Reference group: holdings with livestock) For the holding 0401 Type of livestock production system (see paragraphs –11.155) Use of veterinary services (see paragraphs –11.157). For each livestock type 0411 Number of animals: age, sex and breed (see paragraphs –11.160) Number of animals according to purpose (see paragraphs –11.162) Number of milking animals according to milk status (see paragraph ) Number of animals born (see paragraph ) Number of animals acquired (see paragraph ) Number of animals slaughtered (see paragraph ) Number of animals disposed of (see paragraph ) Number of animals died from natural causes (see paragraph ) Types of feed (see paragraphs –11.172). Value of livestock production (paragraphs ).

17 Community Level Data Data for communities as a whole: not the holdings Interfacing data from various sources for enhanced scope of analysis – Data with community as a statistical unit – Aggregate data from other surveys. Decentralized planning Spatial representation (GIS) for greater use