1 When When to Use Which to Reach Reach Who Who with What?

2 Presented by: Scott V. Fedale, Director Extension Information Technology Washington State University

3 The Current Options Satellite Satellite Videoconferencing Videoconferencing Streaming media Streaming media The Web The Web Others Others

4 Satellite Technology?

5 How does it work?

6 The basics of satellite technology The basics of satellite technology

7 Satellite Technology Pros:  It’s point to multi-point  It’s real-time (synchronous)  Can transmit voice, stills, motion video and computer images  It delivers broadcast quality video & audio (highest bandwidth)

8 Satellite Technology Cons:  It’s one-way video w/ return audio via phone. No return video No return video  It has a cost/hour for transmission  Requires satellite dish and monitor to view it

9 So What Does Satellite Do Best?  Reaches a large, geographically disbursed audience  All at the same time, in real time  Highest quality video and audio  Everyone gets the same information  Save travel time and dollars  Can be videotaped for review  Can provide timely information about “hot” topics and bring experts to all locations

10 What topics/activities work best via satellite? Topics with need for quick response Topics with need for quick response Access to national expert with feedback/questions Access to national expert with feedback/questions Internal business Internal business Very specific topic for specific audience Very specific topic for specific audience

11 Why wouldn’t you use satellite? For very detailed subject matter For very detailed subject matter If you need to see your audience If you need to see your audience Training where “hands-on” is critical Training where “hands-on” is critical Where you don’t have receive capability Where you don’t have receive capability

12 Videoconferencing The two-way transmission of video and audio via dedicated bandwidth or via the public internet

13 Videoconferencing Pros:  It’s point to multi-point  It’s real-time (synchronous)  Can transmit voice, stills, motion video and computer images  Provides two-way audio and video

14 Videoconferencing Cons:  Lower quality video signal  Signal quality affected by many factors  Requires equipment and software to view  More of a one-to-one display medium, w/ small group possible via large screen projectors  May not be as reliable as other media

15 Videoconferencing Two types  Dedicated or private systems  Internet based

outlets w/ videoconferencing

17 Dedicated Systems Pros:  Greater quality control than public utility  High-quality meeting rooms/equipment  Technical support staff at sites Cons  Limited # of locations High cost/hour for use/ transmission High cost/hour for use/ transmission

18 Cost for Kinkos videoconferencing Services Point to Point (Kinkos)=$225/hr/site Point to Point (Kinkos)=$225/hr/site Point to Point (non-Kinkos)=$295/hr/site Point to Point (non-Kinkos)=$295/hr/site Point to Multi-Point (Kinkos)=$265/hr/site Point to Multi-Point (Kinkos)=$265/hr/site Point to Multi-Point (non-Kinkos)=$335/hr/site Point to Multi-Point (non-Kinkos)=$335/hr/site

19 Internet based Pros:  Wider choice of geographic and “in- building” locations  Lower cost/hour for use/transmission Cons:  Less quality control  Usually not dedicated meeting rooms  Technical support staff not at all sites

20 Streaming Media An Internet data transfer technique that allows the user to see and hear audio and video files without lengthy download times. The host, or source,"streams" small packets of information over the Internet to the user, who can access the content as it’s received. An Internet data transfer technique that allows the user to see and hear audio and video files without lengthy download times. The host, or source,"streams" small packets of information over the Internet to the user, who can access the content as it’s received.

21 Streaming Media Can be audio, video & audio or text Can be audio, video & audio or text Need video camera, microphone, encoder and server Need video camera, microphone, encoder and server

22 Streaming Media Quality depends on:  Computer power  Source of original signal  Bandwidth

23 Streaming Media Pros:  Easy to use  Cross platform  No actual “transmission” costs

24 Streaming Media Cons: -Quality not as good as satellite, video conferencing -Not well suited to group viewing -Not good for content with lots of motion -Must have streaming server to provide this -Must have adequate connection speed for good quality

25 What Do You Need? Video camera Video camera Microphone Microphone Encoder Encoder Streaming server Streaming server

26 Other options The Web The Web CDs CDs DVDs DVDs Videotapes Videotapes

27 The World Wide Web Pros Pros  Fairly ubiquitous  Large user base  Can include text, stills, audio & video  Low or no cost to utilize  Can be used for some synchronous activities

28 The World Wide Web Cons Cons  Need high speed connection for quality video  Mostly an asychronous medium  Not well suited for delivery to groups at sites  Quality of end product susceptible to “outside” influences  Compatability issues

29 So when should I use each? If you have full-motion video to share, satellite is the best choice If you have full-motion video to share, satellite is the best choice If you need to reach multiple locations, all at the same time, use satellite If you need to reach multiple locations, all at the same time, use satellite If you want to hold a “ virtual meeting,” use videoconferencing If you want to hold a “ virtual meeting,” use videoconferencing If quality of the video is not critical and you have limited budget, use videoconferencing If quality of the video is not critical and you have limited budget, use videoconferencing If you want to reach audience one-to-one, at little cost to you (for transmission) use videostreaming If you want to reach audience one-to-one, at little cost to you (for transmission) use videostreaming

30 So when should I use each? If you absolutely must see your audience and then use videoconferencing If you absolutely must see your audience and then use videoconferencing If you need to show and explain a process, then satellite is your choice If you need to show and explain a process, then satellite is your choice If you want to get a working group together for the first time, use videoconferencing If you want to get a working group together for the first time, use videoconferencing If you want to furnish an on-demand record of the information/event, use videostreaming If you want to furnish an on-demand record of the information/event, use videostreaming If you have mostly text and stills to share, use the web. If you have mostly text and stills to share, use the web.

31 Summary Choice depends upon:  Audience type & size  Audience location & distribution  Access to equipment  Content requirements  Budget  Interactivity needs