Component Identification & Schematic Symbols Electronics 1 CVHS

Basic Elements of a Circuit Three Essential Elements – Load – Complete Path – Power Source Additional Elements – Control Device – Protective Device

What is a Schematic A schematic is a drawing that uses symbols to represent a complete electronic circuit. Schematics are necessary when building and troubleshooting circuits to easily understand the electrical path between components. Schematic Showing Complete Circuit

Resistors Provide resistance to electrical energy (voltage drop) Labeled with a resistor color code (displays resistance value in ohm’s & tolerance %) Physical size determines power (Wattage) value Schematic symbol:

Capacitors Store & quickly discharge electrical energy Labeled with measure of capacitance Unit of measure: farads (f) Schematic symbol :

Diodes Permit one-way flow of electricity Made of semiconductor material Schematic symbol:

Transistor Acts as an electronic amplification device (Controls large current with a small current) Made of semiconductor material PNP of NPN Schematic Symbols:

Coils Made of coiled wire wrapped around some type of core material (plastic, metal, air) Units of measure: henrys (h) Schematic symbol:

Made of two or more separate coils wrapped around a core material Change voltage/ amperage levels (step-up/ step- down) Schematic symbol: Transformer

SCR Acts as electronic switching device Once triggered it stays on until all power is removed from the circuit Made of semiconductor material Schematic symbol:

Photo cell Changes resistance Light-dark Schematic symbol: Solar cell Produces electricity from light Schematic Symbol: Light Sensitive Components

Lamp NeonLEDIncandescent

DC power source symbol AC power source symbol Power Source A power source is anything used to energize an electric circuit. Usually a power source is either a battery or some form of AC power (wall outlet, generator, etc.)

Chassis Ground symbol Earth ground symbol Ground You can think of ground as the negative side of the circuit, or the connection to the chassis of a piece of electronic equipment, but usually ground refers to the earth, as all household receptacles should have a proper earth ground

Review

Bonus

Factor Conversion Throughout this course, you will work with numbers in many different factors. It is important that you understand how to convert these numbers from one factor to another in order to have an answer that makes sense The most common factors used in electronics are: Tera (T), Giga (G), Mega (M), Kilo (K), milli (m), micro (μ), nano, (n), and pico (p) Remember, in order to convert between factors, you just need to find the number of steps away from the base unit and the direction of decimal movement.

Practice, Convert the following: –23 pf _________________ f –.52 MΩ _________________ μΩ –374 Kh _________________ mh –.0008 TW _________________ mW Factor Conversion (μ) 0.000,000,000, ,000,000, ,000, ,000,000,000