Russian Revolution

Causes Russian state is severely undeveloped compared to other modern states Russian state is severely undeveloped compared to other modern states Russian state still more autocratic than most modern states of Europe Russian state still more autocratic than most modern states of Europe –Romanov Dynasty dates back to 1613 –Most Czars are unwilling to reform –People are oppressed (ex. Pogroms – organized violence against Jews )

Causes (cont.) Social Unrest Social Unrest  Making move to industrialization (proletariat initially suffers) –Revolutionary movements grow  Mensheviks (moderate)  Bolsheviks (radical); led by V.I. Lenin  Both groups follow teachings of Karl Marx but disagree on how to accomplish goals Poor leadership in times of crisis: Poor leadership in times of crisis: – Russo-Japanese War –Bloody Sunday 1/22/1905 (1000+ casualties) –Russia’s entry into W.W.I (Czar leads troops) –Rasputin

The Revolution March Revolution (1917) March Revolution (1917) –Women textile workers strike (Petrograd) –Riots over bread and fuel shortages –Czar Nicholas II abdicates –Provisional government (Kerensky) vs. soviets  Stay in War; not popular  Lenin returns (sent into Russia by Germany – sealed car) Bolshevik Revolution Bolshevik Revolution –11/7/1917 factory workers storm Winter Palace in Petrograd –Bolsheviks takeover

Russian Civil War ( ) Reds vs. Whites Reds vs. Whites –Reds – Bolsheviks; led by Trotsky –Whites – disunified group fighting for various reasons (Allied support too) Effects of Revolution Effects of Revolution –Russian withdrawal from W.W.I.; separate treaty with Germany (Brest-Litovsk) –Czar and entire family executed 7/17/1918 –Russia becomes communist state led by Bolsheviks (Lenin; later Stalin)

Communist Symbols (Colors)

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