FP6 Design Studies for the NUSTAR Facility Martin Winkler for the NUSTAR collaboration FP6 Design Studies Coordination Meeting, GSI Germany, Dec. 16, 2003 The NUSTAR Facility Proposed FP6 DS Subjects Focusing Systems in front of the Targets High-Power Production Targets The Super-FRS Design, Instrumentation The Experimental Branches Request Resources

The NUSTAR Facility (I) Key characteristics (importance for the NUSTAR facility) : all elements, H to U all elements, H to U intensity > ions/sec. intensity > ions/sec. high energy, 1.5 GeV/u high energy, 1.5 GeV/u pulsed and CW beams pulsed and CW beams SIS 100/300 High-Intensity Accelerator IN-Flight Rare-Isotope Beam Facility

The NUSTAR Facility (II) The NUSTAR Facility comprises a:  High-acceptance Superconducting FRagment Separator (Super-FRS)  High-Energy Reaction Setup  Multi-Storage Rings (CR, NESR, eA)  Energy-Bunched Beams Main Features: Production and in-flight separation of exotic nuclei by projectile fragmentation and 238 U fission (heavy, neutron-rich) nuclei far from stability Provides NEW techniques for reactions with exotic nuclei

Focusing System in front of the Super-FRS Target (Accelerator Group, GSI Magnet Group, G. Moritz et al.) Proposed design uses Large aperture superferric magnets (identical to separator magnets)

Design Study: Focusing Systems Tasks: Ion-optical design of very strong focusing systems (spot Plasma Physic), Influence/correction of image aberrations Specification of magnetic elements (cos  – magnets?) Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: JLU Giessen(D), GSI (D) Request: personnel: 1 FTE (postdoc) ~ 150 k€ travel ~ 10 k€ overhead ~ 20 k€

High-Power Production Targets for Slow Extracted Beams Conceptual design of a rotating target wheel was done within the R3B (FP5) C target Tmin = 590 C Tmax = 1376 C Weight = 650 g R ext = 105 mm R int = 17mm Thickness = 19mm Ion beam intensity: ions/s Beam spot: circular, Gaussian distribution,  = 1-2 mm Target material: C (graphite), T subl = 3900 K

Design Study: High-Power Targets for Slow Extraction Tasks: Technical design and prototype construction of a target wheel (how to vary target thickness; include concepts for handling and repair after failures), Investigation of thermal properties of the final design, Long-term, power and handling tests of the prototype target Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: GANIL (Fr), GSI (D) Request: personnel: 1.5 FTE (engineer&physicist) ~ 225 k€ funds: prototype construction of a target wheel ~ 250 k€ travel ~ 15 k€ overhead ~ 70 k€

High-Power Production Targets for Fast Extracted Beams target explodes after ca. 50 ns! U ions/50 ns on: 3.4 g/cm 2 Li target P = 166 GW 5.5 g/cm 2 Pb target P = 200 GW  Options:  Investigate (windowless?) liquid films (e.g. Li)  Other replaceable targets (Pellets)?  Follow developments for muon factories (short pulses!)  Fall-back solution: Rotating-graphite-wheel target  Assume moderate requirements for startup  Investigate operating of Super- FRS with extended beam spot

Design Study: High-Power Targets for Fast Extraction Tasks: Calculation of the thermal response of fast-extracted beams in target materials, Ion-optical calculations through the Super-FRS (resolution, transmission) for extended beam spots Installation and adaption of hydrodynamical codes to calculate shock waves in liquid metal jets, Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: GSI (D), JLU Giessen (D), ANL (USA) Request: personnel: 1 FTE (postdoc) ~ 150 k€ travel ~ 15 k€ overhead ~ 20 k€

The Large Acceptance SUPERconducting FRagment Separator SUPER-FRS

Design Study: The Super-FRS Tasks: Engineering design of the Super-FRS (Degrader and slit systems, focal- plane experimental chambersslow-control system, conceptual design of the DAQ system, electrical power lines, water, gas, and cryogenic distribution, vacuum system) Large aperture superferric magnets (will be discussed by G. Moritz), Technical design of the beam dump (1st dipole stage), Detector development: technical design and prototype construction of Time- Projection Chambers (TPC) with novel cathode read-out and technical design and prototype construction of Beam Chambers (BC) for very high beam fluxes Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: JLU Giessen(D), GSI (D), FMF Bratislava (Sl), PNPI St. Petersburg (Ru) EU request: personnel: 3 FTE (engineers) ~ 450 k€ + 3 FTE (physicists) ~ 450 k€ funds: TPC and BC prototype construction ~ 300 k€ travel: ~ 60 k€ overhead: ~ 90 k€

Energy Buncher and Instrumentation of the Low-Energy Branch  Decay spectroscopy  Reactions near the Coulomb barrier  Laser spectroscopy  Ion traps Experiments with Low-energy and Stopped beams

Design Study: The Low-Energy Branch Tasks: Specification and technical design of special magnets (see talk by G. Moritz); technical design of a variable degrader system; characterization, performance tests, and further development of an existing gas-cell prototype; development of an ion-extraction system; design of an efficient beam-distribution system to various experimental places Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: Uni. of Leuven (B), CERN/ISOLDE, IEP Warsaw JLU Giessen(D), GSI (D) Request: personnel: 2 FTE (postdoc) ~ 300 k€ travel: ~ 30 k€ overhead: ~ 45 k€

Exotic beam from Super-FRS Target High-resolution measurement Developments for High-resolution measurement: ( e.g. elm excitation (heavy nuclei), knockout, quasi-elastic scattering, GT,... ) -> new magnetic spectrometer: gammas protons neutrons fast neutrons heavy fragments The high-energy branch of the Super-FRS: A versatile setup for kinematical complete measurements of Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams acceptance at least that of the SUPER-FRS momentum resolution dp/p~10 -4 (with tracking) dispersion matching with SUPER-FRS (alternatively measurement of incident momentum better than > tracking + high-res.ToF, rate capability)

Design Study: The High-Energy Branch The R 3 B High-Resolution Spectrometer Task: Conceptual design of the spectrometer; cost estimation; matching to the Super-FRS Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: GSI (D), JLU Giessen (D), NSCL/MSU (USA), ANL (USA) Request: personnel: 2 FTE (postdoc) ~ 300 k€ travel: ~ 30 k€ overhead: ~ 50 k€

Experimental Opportunities at the NESR  Light hadron (p,d,He..) scattering  internal-target experiments  Electron scattering  Electron-Ion Collider Detector system for the internal gas target Test experiments using the in ring prototype magnet (financed by TUD)

Design Study: The Ring Branch (I) Detector System for the Internal Gas Target Task: Design of a position sensitive ΔE-E telescope, prototype of a test-setup Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: FZ Jülich (D), GSI (D), KVI Gronigen (NL), PNPI St. Petersburg (Ru) Request: personnel: 1 FTE (postdoc) ~ 150 k€ funds: prototype detector array ~ 150 k€ travel: ~ 15 k€ overhead: ~ 60 k€

Design Study: The Ring Branch (II) Electron Spectrometer for the eA collider Task: Experiments for the concept/design of the spectrometer using the in ring prototype magnet (financed by TUD) Duration: 3 years, 1/2005 – 12/2007 Collaboration: TU Darmstadt (D), GSI (D), (KVI Gronigen (NL)) Request: personnel: 1 FTE (postdoc) ~ 150 k€ funds: scattering chamber ~ 40 k€ travel: ~ 10 k€ overhead: ~ 40 k€

Request Summary (for the Period 2005 – 2007)

Experiments  knockout and quasi-free scattering  electromagnetic excitation  charge-exchange reactions  fission  spallation  fragmentation Physics goals single-particle occupancies, spectral functions, correlations, clusters, resonances beyond the drip lines single-particle occupancies, astrophysical reactions (S factor), soft coherent modes, giant resonance strength, B(E2) Gamov-Teller strength, spin-dipole resonance, neutron skins shell structure, dynamical properties reaction mechanism, applications (waste transmutation,...) g-ray spectroscopy, isospin-dependence in multifragmentation Exotic beam from Super-FRS Target Large-acceptance measurement High-resolution measurement The high-energy branch of the Super-FRS: A versatile setup for kinematical complete measurements of Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams

Exotic beam from Super-FRS Target High-resolution measurement High-resolution measurement: ( e.g. elm excitation (heavy nuclei), knockout, quasi-elastic scattering, GT,... ) * ~100% acceptance for heavy fragments (A>100) * momentum resolution dp/p ~ for charged fragments * coincidence with neutrons possible * kinematically complete measurement including target recoils gammas protons neutrons fast neutrons heavy fragments neutrons The high-energy branch of the Super-FRS: A versatile setup for kinematical complete measurements of Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams

The eA Collider in the NESR

Physics goals charge distribution of exotic nuclei (radius, diffuseness, higher moments... Selective electromagnetic excitation plus spectroscopy, fission,... studies. Fully identified angular momentum transfer and final state Electron Scattering Pointlike particle Pure electromagnetic probe  formfactors F(q)  elastic scattering F(q) transition formfactors  high selectivity to certain multipolarities  inelastic scattering Large recoil velocities  full identification (Z,A) complete kinematics Bare ions (no atomic bg.)