5.2 How People Use the Land Geography

Objectives Summarize some of the ways to which people’s actions affect the environment. Summarize some of the ways to which people’s actions affect the environment. Describe actions taken to protect endangered species and ecosystems. Describe actions taken to protect endangered species and ecosystems. Identify energy sources that can be used in place of fossil fuels Identify energy sources that can be used in place of fossil fuels

Journal Describe your favorite meal. Now describe everyone who was involved in bringing that meal to you. Begin with the farmer, don’t forget truckers, advertisers, grocery clerks just to name a few. Especially, do not forget the cook. Describe your favorite meal. Now describe everyone who was involved in bringing that meal to you. Begin with the farmer, don’t forget truckers, advertisers, grocery clerks just to name a few. Especially, do not forget the cook.

Vocabulary Manufacturing—When a product is processed, it is changed from a raw material into a finished product Manufacturing—When a product is processed, it is changed from a raw material into a finished product Developed nation—Countries that have many industries Developed nation—Countries that have many industries Developing nation—Countries that have few industries Developing nation—Countries that have few industries Commercial farming—company run farms that are very large. These farms rely on modern technology, so they often need fewer workers than small traditional farms. Commercial farming—company run farms that are very large. These farms rely on modern technology, so they often need fewer workers than small traditional farms.

Subsistence farming—Farmers raise enough food and animals to feed their own families. The farms require much labor, but they do not yield many crops.. Subsistence farming—Farmers raise enough food and animals to feed their own families. The farms require much labor, but they do not yield many crops.. Plantation—These farms employ many workers but are owned by only a few people. They usually raise a single crop for export, such as bananas, coffee, sugar cane, or tea. Plantation—These farms employ many workers but are owned by only a few people. They usually raise a single crop for export, such as bananas, coffee, sugar cane, or tea. Foreign aid—Aid given to developing countries as in one government to another. Usually used for special projects. Foreign aid—Aid given to developing countries as in one government to another. Usually used for special projects.

Define First Level Activities Stages of Resource Development Stages of Resource Development Geographers study three stages of economic activity. Geographers study three stages of economic activity. First Level activities First Level activities People use land and resources directly to make products. People use land and resources directly to make products. They may hunt, cut wood, mine, and fish. They may hunt, cut wood, mine, and fish. They may herd animals and farm. They may herd animals and farm. People are beginning to develop their land. People are beginning to develop their land. ½ of the world’s population works in first-level activities. ½ of the world’s population works in first-level activities. In the US fewer people do this kind of work In the US fewer people do this kind of work

Describe second-level activities Second-level activities Second-level activities People turn raw materials into things they use. People turn raw materials into things they use. When a product is processed, it is changed from a raw material into a finished product. When a product is processed, it is changed from a raw material into a finished product. The process is called manufacturing The process is called manufacturing The farmer can pay the miller for his service and take the corn meal back home. The farmer can pay the miller for his service and take the corn meal back home. Or the miller can sell the corn meal to someone else for further processing. Or the miller can sell the corn meal to someone else for further processing.

Summarize third-level activities Third-level activities Third-level activities In this stage, products are distributed to people who want them. In this stage, products are distributed to people who want them. People who distribute products do not make them. They produce a service by making sure products are delivered to people who want and need them. People who distribute products do not make them. They produce a service by making sure products are delivered to people who want and need them.

Summarize the Industrial Revolution. Economic Patterns: Developed and Developing Countries Economic Patterns: Developed and Developing Countries Most manufacturing takes place in factories. Most manufacturing takes place in factories. 200 years ago, that was not so 200 years ago, that was not so People produced goods in their homes or small shops. People produced goods in their homes or small shops. Then came a great change. Then came a great change. People invented machines to make goods People invented machines to make goods They built factories to house the machines. They built factories to house the machines. They found new sources of power to run the machines. They found new sources of power to run the machines. This is called the Industrial Revolution. This is called the Industrial Revolution.

How does a developed nation impact the environment? Industrial Societies: Providing Goods and Services Industrial Societies: Providing Goods and Services Only ¼ of the people of the world live in developed nations Only ¼ of the people of the world live in developed nations These nations include the US, Canada, Japan, Singapore, Australia, and most European countries. These nations include the US, Canada, Japan, Singapore, Australia, and most European countries. They use goods made in factories. They use goods made in factories. Their industries consume great amounts of raw materials. Their industries consume great amounts of raw materials. They also use power-drive machinery They also use power-drive machinery

How does being a developed nation impact the small farmer? In developed countries, most people live in towns and cities. In developed countries, most people live in towns and cities. They work in business and industry. They work in business and industry. Machines do most of the work Machines do most of the work Most people have enough food and water. Most people have enough food and water. Most citizens can get a good education and adequate health care. Most citizens can get a good education and adequate health care. Developed nations rely on commercial farming to produce enough food for their people Developed nations rely on commercial farming to produce enough food for their people Commercial farms are very large. Commercial farms are very large. Companies run most of them, not single families. Companies run most of them, not single families. These farms rely on modern technology so they often need far fewer workers than small traditional farms. These farms rely on modern technology so they often need far fewer workers than small traditional farms.

Compare the bolded statement to Hurricane Katrina hitting Louisiana. People in develop nations depend on each other. People in develop nations depend on each other. Farmers rely on industries for goods and services. Farmers rely on industries for goods and services. City people depend on farmers for food. City people depend on farmers for food. Wars and natural disasters tht stop the movement of goods and services can make life hard for everyone. Wars and natural disasters tht stop the movement of goods and services can make life hard for everyone.

Compare and contrast subsistence farming to plantation farming. Developing Nations Developing Nations Not every culture is like the US Not every culture is like the US Most people of the world live in developing countries Most people of the world live in developing countries Many of these countries are in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Many of these countries are in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Many people work at subsistence farming. That means farmers raise enough food and animals to feed their own families. Many people work at subsistence farming. That means farmers raise enough food and animals to feed their own families. The farms require much labor, but they do not yield many crops. The farms require much labor, but they do not yield many crops. Often, the only commercial farms are plantations Often, the only commercial farms are plantations These farms employ many workers but are owned by only a few people. These farms employ many workers but are owned by only a few people. Plantations usually raise a single crop for export, such as bananas, coffee, sugar cane, or tea. Plantations usually raise a single crop for export, such as bananas, coffee, sugar cane, or tea.

What are some of the challenges experiences by developing countries. Challenges in Developing Nations Challenges in Developing Nations Challenges include disease, food shortages, unsafe water, poor education and health services, and changing governments. Challenges include disease, food shortages, unsafe water, poor education and health services, and changing governments. Some challenges are connected to rapid population growth. It strains resources. Some challenges are connected to rapid population growth. It strains resources. Developing countries are working to improved their people’s lives Developing countries are working to improved their people’s lives One way is to use their natural resources or sell them to other countries. One way is to use their natural resources or sell them to other countries.

Developing countries often receive foreign aid Developing countries often receive foreign aid These are gifts and loans from one gvoernemnt to another or from the Untied nations. These are gifts and loans from one gvoernemnt to another or from the Untied nations. This aid is often used for special products such as building roads to move food and other goods from one are to another. This aid is often used for special products such as building roads to move food and other goods from one are to another.

Questions 1. What are the characteristics of a developed nation? Of a developing nation? 2. How is subsistence farming differenct from commercial farming? 3. How can countries use their national resources? 4. What challenges face developed nations? Developing nations? 5. How are developing nations working to improve their people’s needs.

Homework People who work at your school have jobs in a service industry. Interview a teacher, a server in the cafeteria, or a receptionist in the office. Find out what that person’s duties are and what that person likes about is or her job. Write a brief profile of that job. People who work at your school have jobs in a service industry. Interview a teacher, a server in the cafeteria, or a receptionist in the office. Find out what that person’s duties are and what that person likes about is or her job. Write a brief profile of that job.