chapter 8 Nonprofit Sector

Importance of the Nonprofit Sector to Leisure _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Nonprofit Sector in the United States and Canada Variations in structure include registration and operations within cultural, political, civic, and economic contexts. Variety of descriptions include the following: _________________________________

6 Characteristics of the Nonprofit Sector 1.Organized._______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.Private.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Not for profit distributing._____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Self-governing. _________________________________________________ 5. Voluntary. _______________________________________________ 6. Beneficial to the public. ________________________________________________ (Salamon,1999; O’Neill, 2002)

Impact on Leisure Programs Nonprofit organizations can include sports clubs, professional associations, and direct service providers. They have an impact across the life span from “cradle to grave.” Introduction to nonprofit organizations typically occurs through recreation programs as children and youth become involved in the following: _________________________________________

Goals and Functions Two primary goals frame the orientation of most nonprofits (Salamon,1999): Public benefit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mutual benefit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Organizing Framework International Classification of Nonprofit Organizations (ICNPO): 12 major activity groups ________________________________________ (continued)

Organizing Framework (continued) _________________________________________ (Salamon & Anheier, 1996)

Nonprofit Sector in Canada “Little [is known] about the nonprofit sector and the role it plays in Canada” (Hall & Banting, 1999). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As of 2000, approximately 200,000 nonprofits were operating in Canada with 80,000 of them registered as official charities (Wagner, Orvananos de Rovzar, & Imdieke, 2003).

4 Categories of Nonprofits in Canada Social welfare ______________________________________________________________________________________ Civic improvement ______________________________________________________________________________________ Pleasure or recreation ______________________________________________________________________________________ The category, any other purpose except profit, is a generic grouping of associations that are organized for other noncommercial reasons (Revenue Canada, 2004).

Nonprofit Sector in the United States U.S. nonprofits are pervasive and robust. Approximately 1.6 million exist: _________________________________________. _________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

Major Subcategories of U.S. Nonprofits Charities ________________________________________________________________________________________ Foundations ____________________________________________ Social welfare organizations ________________________________________________________________________________________ Professional and trade associations ________________________________________________________________________________________

Resource Base ___________________________________

Professional Organizations _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Significance of Local Nonprofit Organizations __________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

National and Community-Based Nonprofit Recreation Organizations __________________________________

Voluntary Youth-Serving Organizations More than 49 nonprofit youth and human service organizations serve young people across the United States and Canada. These include the following: ___________________________________________

Religious and Faith-Based (Church and Synagogue) Organizations Nonsectarian organizations with historical roots in faith-based communities include the following: _________________________________________ Other nonprofits were created and are administered by faith-based and church communities, including the following:

Social Service and Relief Organizations _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Special Populations–Serving Organizations United Service Organization (USO), 1941 __________________________________________________________________________ The Arc of the United States, 1959 __________________________________________________________________________ Special Olympics, 1967 __________________________________________________________________________

Environmental and Conservation Organizations Sierra Club, 1892 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Trust for Public Land (TPL), 1972 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Association American Camp Association is a diverse community dedicated to enriching the lives of children and adults through the camp experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Membership or Services Clubs and Fraternal Organizations Service clubs and fraternal organizations are part of the recreation and leisure services for two reasons: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two of the better known service clubs are Kiwanis International and Rotary International.

Professional in Nonprofit Organizations ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Challenges and Opportunities for the Future __________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Direct implications for nonprofit recreation and leisure service providers:

Successful Nonprofit Managers ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

Discussion: Subject: Trends Which of the following trends will most affect the future of nonprofits? Commercialization The changing shape of government and nonprofit relations Public trust issues Changing demographics

Individual Assignment: Design Your Own Nonprofit and submit it on-line A nonprofit organization (NPO) is defined as “an association [that] must be both organized and operated exclusively for social welfare, civic improvement, pleasure or recreation or for any other purpose except profit” (Revenue Canada, 2004). Create a nonprofit organization using the following questions as guidelines: What is the vision or mission statement of your organization? What are your funding sources or resource base? What are your staffing needs? What facilities or sites will you need and in what jurisdiction? What are the demographics (population, cultural ,and sociological) of your catchment’s area? Which of the four categories of nonprofits does your organization fall under? See chapter 8 in the text for a description of this area. Reference Material - Descriptions of the four categories of nonprofits: Social welfare nonprofits assist disadvantaged groups for the common good and for the general welfare of the community. Civic improvement nonprofits enhance the value or quality of community or civic life. Pleasure or recreation nonprofits provide a state of gratification or a means of refreshment or diversion. Any other purpose except profit is a generic grouping of associations that are organized for other noncommercial reasons.