DOUBLE DUTCH: THE TWO FACES OF DUTCH FOREIGN AID Erin Sielaff and Kristen Skillman INAF 339

Research Question Does the Netherlands distribute more foreign aid to countries with better human rights records? Yes… …but only for some kinds of human rights

Human Rights, Foreign Aid, and the Netherlands Case Study: Indonesia, early 1990s The Netherlands’ stated top human rights priorities: 1. Protection of human rights defenders 2. Women’s rights 3. LGTB rights

The Debate Some scholars find a positive correlation between empowerment rights and Dutch Aid: Neumayer (2003), Alesina and Dollar (2000), Stokke (2006), Baer (2010) Others find a negative correlation between integrity rights and Dutch Aid: Neumayer (2003), Baer (2002), Hoebink (1999) No existing quantitative study exclusively examining the Netherlands

Hypotheses H 1 : The Netherlands gives more foreign aid to countries with better human rights records. H 2 : The Netherlands gives more foreign aid to countries with better empowerment rights records.

Methodology Data CIRI Human Rights Dataset Dutch ODA Data Robustness Checks Country Fixed-Effects Year Fixed-Effects Controls Democracy GDP per capita Population Oil Communism Trade Former Colony Ethnic Fractionalization Religious Fractionalization

The Effect of Empowerment Rights on Log of Dutch Aid

The Effect of Integrity Rights on Log of Dutch Aid

Conclusion Physical Integrity Rights vs. Empowerment Rights: Dutch use limited aid-euros to support rights that get less attention on the international stage Small Donors can be strategic actors

CIRI Component Variables Significant Extrajudicial Killings Torture Freedom of Speech Freedom of Religion Freedom of Domestic Movement Freedom of Foreign Movement Freedom of Association Electoral Self Determination Worker’s Rights Insignificant Disappearances Political Prisoners Women’s Economic Freedoms Women’s Political Freedoms Independent Judiciary