Getting started obtaining and generating video data Carey Jewitt MODE multimodal methodologies FOR RESEARCHING DIGITAL DATA AND ENVIRONMENTS

This Powerpoint is to be used in conjunction with the following MODE resources An Introduction to Using Video for Research video-for-research/ Transcribing Video Multimodal Analysis: Key Issues Approachs to video based social reseach 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Presentation overview Video: qualities and uses Key Issues for Data collection Advantages and disadvantages of video 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Four qualities of video: It preserves the real-time temporal and sequential structure characteristic of interaction Provides a fine-grained multimodal record of an event in which talk is kept in context (no other technology can) Video recordings are durable and shareable enabling multiple passes across data to capture detail fieldwork observation can miss It is a medium that features in many people’s everyday lives – with collaborative potential. 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Key Questions for video data collection: Different perspectives on how the use of video (cameras) shapes and effects data/research? When is video recording apt? What ethical considerations arise? Advantages and limitations of video data? What are the different uses of video within research? 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Key issue: camera position and set up

6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012 Key point: camera position and set up

Activity 1: ‘Just point and shoot? setting up Reflection: How might the use of a video camera to collect data influence the process of your data collection? How might you reduce or manage these influences? 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Activity 1: ‘Just point and shoot? setting up Key issues include: Setting the camera up, Light and sound, the choice of a static or moving camera, the focus framing of action, Leaving vs ‘manning’ the camera, the decision of how many cameras to use, and the broad vs specific focus.. 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Activity 2: Access, ethics and consent Read an Introduction to Using Video for Research to-using-video-for-research/ With your research site and questions in mind- imagine you want to negotiate video recording some data for your project. What particular ethical considerations would the collection of video data raise? 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Some advantages One observer – Share it with others – bring data to people – varied multiple perspectives can be brought to data Revisit a moment ‘not as past but formerly present’ (Raffel, 1979) Revisit over a period of time – as you develop as a researcher, bring new research questions to the data Capture things you might not notice at the time Reawaken’s memories and experience Slow down and speed up view Video can give you stuff that audio can’t – nuance – facial visual clues, Good for exploratory data as it is more open and less decision is required before hand Can show the participant data - for reflection Can involve the participant in the analysis Can use video as a discursive prompt to gain insider knowledge Captures detailed data and enables researcher to focus/engage on events 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

Some limitations Too much data – overwhelming The time involved in viewing data Partial – masquerading as complete Interactions – hard to capture continuity or history Private, hidden, non – legitimate, social practices cant usually be captured Fractured representations – isolated moments Can’t capture nuances or summarize Discourses that attach to techno of camera – celebrity culture Makes explicit your presence and research intention to ‘see and look and capture’ – intrusive in identity terms Reliance on techno – batteries, cables, light, sound quality 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

video effect: 3 perspectives Read an Introduction to Using Video for Research introduction-to-using-video-for-research/ Which of the following best describes your perspective on video? – Distorting interaction (actual vs imagined?) – Realist – Reflexive 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

There are many different Uses of video for research? Record/representation of an ‘event’ Video interviews Prompt/ discursive object Analytical / Reflexive tool Dissemination resource Intervention (e.g. model, training) Alternative use to participant? 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012

For more on approaches to Video based read the following MODE resources Transcribing Video Multimodal Analysis: Key Issues Approaches to video based social reseach research/ 6ICOM MODE VIDEO 2012